Papers with PICO
A Corpus with Multi-Level Annotations of Patients, Interventions and Outcomes to Support Language Processing for Medical Literature (P18-1)
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| Challenge: | In 2015 alone, about 100 manuscripts describing randomized controlled trials for medical interventions were published every day. |
| Approach: | They propose a corpus of 5,000 medical articles annotated with demarcations of text spans that describe the Patient population enrolled, the Interventions studied and to what they were Compared, and the Outcomes measured. |
| Outcome: | The proposed corpus includes 5,000 medical articles describing clinical randomized controlled trials. |
Medical Entity Corpus with PICO elements and Sentiment Analysis (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | In this paper, we establish a PICO and a sentiment annotated corpus of clinical trial publications. |
| Approach: | They propose to create a phrase-level PICO corpus and a sentence-level sentiment annotated corpus from clinical trial publications. |
| Outcome: | The proposed corpus is annotated on a phrase-level and a sentiment annotation on the same corpus. |
Improving Factuality in Clinical Abstractive Multi-Document Summarization by Guided Continued Pre-training (2024.naacl-short)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for enhancing the factual accuracy of abstractive summarization models are not effective in fact-critical domains like clinical document summarizing. |
| Approach: | They propose a guided continued pre-training stage for encoder-decoder models followed by supervised fine-tuning on summarization. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach improves the quality and factuality of the summaries and achieves the best-published results on the clinical document summarization task. |
Sent2Span: Span Detection for PICO Extraction in the Biomedical Text without Span Annotations (2021.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Experiments show that PICO span detection results achieve much higher results for recall when compared to fully supervised methods. |
| Approach: | They propose to extract and then normalise PICO information from clinical trial articles and use crowdsourced sentence-level annotations to detect spans. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves much higher results for recall when compared to fully supervised methods with PICO sentence detection at least as good as human annotations. |
FactPICO: Factuality Evaluation for Plain Language Summarization of Medical Evidence (2024.acl-long)
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Sebastian Joseph, Lily Chen, Jan Trienes, Hannah Göke, Monika Coers, Wei Xu, Byron Wallace, Junyi Jessy Li
| Challenge: | FactPICO is a factuality benchmark for plain language summarization of medical texts describing randomized controlled trials . existing metrics for factual summarizing medical evidence are poorly correlated with expert judgments on the instance level. |
| Approach: | They propose a factuality benchmark for plain language summarization of medical texts . they assess factuality of critical elements of RCTs in those summaries . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark assesses the factuality of medical summaries using LLMs . the summary summators are based on 345 plain language summaires with fine-grained evaluation . |