Papers by Mengxiao Zhu
Beyond Atomic Characters: Glyph-Aware Sub-character Alignment for Low-Resource Multilingual OCR (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Low-resource multilingual OCR models struggle with complex script structures and data scarcity. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework for multilingual character recognition that integrates visual and linguistic backbones with a novel glyph-aware interface. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves on high-resolution visual and language backbones with glyph-aware interface. |
Verifying the Subjective: Structured Multilingual Rewards for Low-Resource Alignment (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Structured Multilingual Reward Modeling Framework extends Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) to subjective and open-ended tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that extends Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards to subjective and open-ended tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves reasoning capability and response quality on 7 tasks across 50 low-resource languages. |
TVQACML: Benchmarking Text-Centric Visual Question Answering in Multilingual Chinese Minority Languages (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing TEC-VQA benchmarks focus on high-resource languages like English and Chinese . existing benchmarks have a "visual-textual misalignment" problem resulting in unreliable evaluation results . |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark that expands multilingual QA pairs in non-text-centric datasets through translation to eight languages, including Standard Chinese, Korean, and six minority languages. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmarks are contamination-free and more challenging . they include eight languages including Chinese, Korean, and six minority languages . |
VEEF-Multi-LLM: Effective Vocabulary Expansion and Parameter Efficient Finetuning Towards Multilingual Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have a significant disadvantage for low-resource languages . VEEF-Multi-LLM-8B excels in multilingual instruction-following tasks . |
| Approach: | They propose a low-resource multilingual large language model that expands the vocabulary for multilingual support. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing models in multilingual instruction-following tasks, but lags behind English-centric models in some tasks. |
Probing Social Identity Bias in Chinese LLMs with Gendered Pronouns and Social Groups (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in user-facing applications, raising concerns that they reflect and amplify social biases. |
| Approach: | They propose a Mandarin-specific evaluation framework to examine social identity biases in Chinese LLMs using Mandarin-based prompts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework compares ingroup (“We”) and outgroup (“They”) framings across 240 social groups salient in the Chinese context, using a two-tiered measurement framework that assesses both sentiment and toxicity. |