Challenge: Existing approaches to target sentiment analysis are limited by huge search space and sentiment inconsistency.
Approach: They propose a span-based extract-then-classify framework to detect opinion targets . they propose pipeline, joint, and collapsed models to classify polarities .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms the sequence tagging baseline on three benchmark datasets.

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Learning Explicit and Implicit Structures for Targeted Sentiment Analysis (D19-1)

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Challenge: Existing research efforts focus on targeting sentiment analysis as a sequence labeling problem, building models that can capture explicit structures in the output space.
Approach: They argue that both implicit and explicit structural information are crucial for building a successful targeted sentiment analysis model.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models by capturing implicit and explicit structural information.
SpanMlt: A Span-based Multi-Task Learning Framework for Pair-wise Aspect and Opinion Terms Extraction (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Aspect terms and opinion terms are key problems of fine-grained aspect-based sentiment analysis.
Approach: They propose a method to extract aspect and opinion terms as pairs from a sentence . they use shared spans to extract the terms under supervision of span boundaries .
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both aspects and opinion terms extraction tasks.
Structured Sentiment Analysis as Dependency Graph Parsing (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Structured sentiment analysis attempts to extract full opinion tuples from a text, but has been subdivided into smaller and smaller sub-tasks, e.g., target extraction or targeted polarity classification.
Approach: They propose a framework which jointly predicts all elements of an opinion tuple and their relations by using dependency graph parsing.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on five datasets in English, Norwegian, Basque, and Catalan and refining the sentiment graphs with syntactic dependency information further improves results.
A Shared-Private Representation Model with Coarse-to-Fine Extraction for Target Sentiment Analysis (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing models with span-based labeling have achieved promising results in sentiment analysis.
Approach: They propose a shared-private representation model with a coarse-to-fine extraction algorithm to solve this problem.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on target phrases and extraction tasks.
Cross-Domain Sentiment Classification with Target Domain Specific Information (P18-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods for sentiment classification focus on learning domain-invariant representations . few of them pay attention to domain-specific information, which should also be informative.
Approach: They propose a method to extract domain specific and invariant representations and train a classifier on each of them.
Outcome: The proposed model can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art methods.
Eliminating Sentiment Bias for Aspect-Level Sentiment Classification with Unsupervised Opinion Extraction (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Aspect-level sentiment classification (ALSC) is a practical setting in aspect-based sentiment analysis due to no opinion term labeling needed, but it fails to interpret why a sentiment polarity is derived for the aspect.
Approach: They propose a span-based anti-bias aspect representation learning framework that eliminates the sentiment bias in the aspect embedding by adversarial learning against aspects’ prior sentiment.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on five benchmarks, with the capability of unsupervised opinion extraction.
Span-level Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis via Table Filling (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to analyze aspect-based sentiment analysis focus on word-level dependencies between aspect and opinion expressions.
Approach: They propose a span-level ABSA model which considers consistency of multi-word opinion expressions at the span- level.
Outcome: The proposed model can be used to identify the sentiment polarity of a given aspect . it is based on a table filling method and a regularizer to guarantee consistency .
Aspect Sentiment Classification with Aspect-Specific Opinion Spans (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing attention-based models for sentiment analysis are not able to capture opinion spans as a whole or variable-length opinion span.
Approach: They propose a model that extracts aspect-specific opinion spans and evaluates sentiment polarity by exploiting extracted opinion features.
Outcome: The proposed model extracts aspect-specific opinion spans and evaluates sentiment polarity using extracted opinion features.
Span-Level Model for Relation Extraction (P19-1)

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Challenge: Recent approaches for this span-level task have inherent limitations.
Approach: They propose a model which directly models all possible spans and performs joint entity mention detection and relation extraction.
Outcome: The proposed model performs joint entity mention detection and relation extraction on the ACE2005 dataset.
Span-based Joint Entity and Relation Extraction with Attention-based Span-specific and Contextual Semantic Representations (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods treat each span token equally important, ignoring significant features.
Approach: They propose a span-based joint extraction framework with attention-based semantic representations that utilizes span-specific and contextual representations.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models on ACE2005, CoNLL2004 and ADE.

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