Challenge: Existing models tend to memorize words instead of learning meaning of words . existing models tend not to model semantic information, resulting in incorrect sentences .
Approach: They propose a novel model that generates words by querying distributed word representations . they evaluate model on two paraphrase-oriented tasks, namely text simplification and short abstractive summarization .
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the baseline model on two paraphrase-oriented tasks . it achieves state-of-the-art performance on these benchmark datasets .

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Challenge: Existing non-supervised paraphrase generation models are biased toward specific problems like question answering or image captioning.
Approach: They propose a search-based paraphrase generation scheme where candidate paraphrases are generated by iterated transformations from the original sentence and evaluated in terms of syntax quality, semantic distance, and lexical distance.
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Unsupervised Learning of Sentence Embeddings Using Compositional n-Gram Features (N18-1)

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Challenge: Currently, unsupervised word embeddings are routinely trained on large amounts of raw text data.
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Transformer and seq2seq model for Paraphrase Generation (D19-56)

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Challenge: Existing methods for generating paraphrases fall into one of these broad categories -rule-based, seq2seq, deep generative models and a varied combination.
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Learning to Generate Word- and Phrase-Embeddings for Efficient Phrase-Based Neural Machine Translation (D19-56)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation (NMT) often fails in one-to-many translation, e.g., in the translation of multi-word expressions, compounds, and collocations.
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Semi-Supervised Learning for Neural Keyphrase Generation (D18-1)

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Challenge: Existing models for keyphrase generation only use labeled data, which is limited to resource-rich domains.
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Advances in Pre-Training Distributed Word Representations (L18-1)

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Challenge: Pre-trained word representations are a building block of many Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning applications.
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Revisiting Pivot-Based Paraphrase Generation: Language Is Not the Only Optional Pivot (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for paraphrase generation rely on language as the pivot . however, there is no evidence that parallel data of paraphrases is needed for paraphrasing.
Approach: They propose to use semantic and syntactic representations as pivot for paraphrase generation.
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Paraphrase Generation and Evaluation on Colloquial-Style Sentences (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: a new study investigates the quality and novelty of generated paraphrases . paraphrase models can be used for information retrieval and data mining .
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An End-to-End Generative Architecture for Paraphrase Generation (D19-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods for generating paraphrases with linguistic knowledge are often domain specific and hard to scale, or yield inferior results.
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Paraphrase Generation: A Survey of the State of the Art (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Using neural models, paraphrase generation research has shifted to neural methods . a recent study focused on paraphrases, which are used in language understanding tasks .
Approach: They propose to use neural methods to generate fluent, diverse paraphrases from a sentence . they propose to combine large pretrained language models with other mechanisms to generate more advanced paraphrase generation models.
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