Challenge: High-Level Synthesis (HLS) is a hardware design tool that can be used to design hardware from C-like languages, but its widespread adoption is limited by strict coding constraints and design-specific optimizations.
Approach: They propose a multi-agent HLS design framework that leverages specialized LLMs for automated debugging and directive tuning.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms Gemini-3-pro in debugging and speedups across various HLS kernels and neural network accelerators.

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COAST: Enhancing the Code Debugging Ability of LLMs through Communicative Agent Based Data Synthesis (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Existing code debugging benchmarks focus on the Code Repair stage of the code generation process.
Approach: They propose a framework to evaluate the debugging abilities of large language models by emulating the human debug process.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms human-curated and GPT-4-generated training data, enabling 7B-scale LLMs to achieve comparable debugging performance to GPT-3.5.
Boost, Disentangle, and Customize: A Robust System2-to-System1 Pipeline for Code Generation (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing systems 2 methods for code generation are difficult to implement due to the complex hidden reasoning process and heterogeneous data distribution.
Approach: They propose a framework that Boosts reasoning exploration via multi-agent collaboration and Disentangles heterogeneous data into specialized experts.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods on APPS and CodeContest benchmarks and achieves 73.8% accuracy on hard problems.
EnvScaler: Scaling Tool-Interactive Environments for LLM Agent via Programmatic Synthesis (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are expected to be trained to act as agents in various real-world environments, but access to real systems is often restricted and manually built sandboxes are hard to scale.
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Enhancing the General Agent Capabilities of Low-Paramter LLMs through Tuning and Multi-Branch Reasoning (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Open-source pre-trained Large Language Models exhibit strong language understanding and generation capabilities, making them highly successful in a variety of tasks.
Approach: They propose a method to construct agent-specific data using GPT-4 and supervised fine-tuning . they find that supervised tunning can significantly reduce hallucination outputs and formatting errors in agent tasks .
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AutoDetect: Towards a Unified Framework for Automated Weakness Detection in Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit significant but subtle weaknesses, such as mistakes in instruction-following or coding tasks.
Approach: They propose a framework to automatically expose weaknesses in Large Language Models (LLMs) they use three LLM-powered agents to perform comprehensive weakness identification .
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KV Pareto: Systems-Level Optimization of KV Cache and Model Compression for Long Context Inference (2026.eacl-industry)

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Challenge: Long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant memory bottlenecks due to the linear growth of key-value (KV) cache with sequence length.
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HSS-Synth: Humanities and Social Sciences Data Synthesis for LLMs (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: High-quality, diverse data are vital for large language models (LLMs) but remain scarce and costly.
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ChatSOP: An SOP-Guided MCTS Planning Framework for Controllable LLM Dialogue Agents (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models that use Large Language Models (LLMs) show superior performance in various tasks, but lack of controllability leads to unfocused conversations or task failure.
Approach: They propose a standard operating procedure (SOP) framework to regulate dialogue flow by integrating Chain of Thought reasoning and supervised fine-tuning for SOP prediction.
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A Practical Approach for Building Production-Grade Conversational Agents with Workflow Graphs (2025.acl-industry)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant improvements in various service domains, including search, recommendation, and chatbot applications.
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DeepRTL2: A Versatile Model for RTL-Related Tasks (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Integration of large language models into electronic design automation has been a key driver in eDA.
Approach: They propose a family of large language models that unifies generation- and embedding-based tasks related to RTL.
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