Challenge: Existing approaches struggle with structural hallucinations and lack adaptability in cold-start scenarios.
Approach: They propose a unified, training-free framework for translating natural language into Graph Query Languages.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves accuracy and executability over baselines in Graph2GQLs.

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Schema and Natural Language Aware In-Context Learning for Improved GraphQL Query Generation (2025.naacl-industry)

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Challenge: GraphQL is a flexible alternative to REST APIs, but generating complex queries remains challenging.
Approach: They propose a framework that integrates GraphQL schemas with natural language inputs to improve query generation accuracy.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves performance on a publicly available complex GraphQL dataset.
DCG-SQL: Enhancing In-Context Learning for Text-to-SQL with Deep Contextual Schema Link Graph (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for Text-to-SQL show little improvement compared to random selections . Existing approaches rely on intrinsic capabilities of hyper-scaled LLMs, not useful demonstrations.
Approach: They propose a novel approach to effectively retrieving demonstrations and generating SQL queries by linking a question and its database schema items.
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MultiSQL: A Schema-Integrated Context-Dependent Text2SQL Dataset with Diverse SQL Operations (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Text2SQL is a task that translates natural language into SQL statements.
Approach: They propose a task that translates natural language into SQL statements.
Outcome: The proposed task enables users to convert natural language into SQL statements.
R3-NL2GQL: A Model Coordination and Knowledge Graph Alignment Approach for NL2GQL (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Adapting existing approaches for converting natural language to SQL encounters hurdles due to distinct nature of GQL compared to SQL.
Approach: They propose a method that integrates both small and large Foundation Models for ranking, rewriting, and refining tasks.
Outcome: The proposed approach integrates both small and large Foundation Models for ranking, rewriting, and refining tasks while capitalizing on the superior generalization and query generation prowess of larger models for the final transformation of natural language queries into GQL formats.
Arctic-Text2SQL-R1: Simple Rewards, Strong Reasoning in Text-to-SQL (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Translating natural language questions into SQL is a core challenge in natural language understanding and human-computer interaction.
Approach: They propose a reinforcement learning framework and model family to generate accurate, executable SQL using a lightweight reward signal based solely on execution correctness.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms previous versions of 70B-class systems and achieves state-of-the-art execution accuracy across six diverse Text2SQL benchmarks.
S2GSL: Incorporating Segment to Syntactic Enhanced Graph Structure Learning for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing graph-based approaches to learn static structures and dynamic latent trees are lacking in incorporating semantic and syntactic information simultaneously within complex global structures.
Approach: They propose a graph-based framework that incorporates semantic and syntactic information simultaneously within global structures.
Outcome: The proposed framework removes irrelevant contexts and syntactic dependencies and achieves complementarity across diverse structures.
Solid-SQL: Enhanced Schema-linking based In-context Learning for Robust Text-to-SQL (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing text-to-SQL approaches have overlooked the critical aspect of system robustness.
Approach: They propose a robust text-to-SQL solution that integrates with LLMs . their method achieves SOTA SQL execution accuracy levels of 82.1% and 58.9% .
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Improving Multi-hop Logical Reasoning in Knowledge Graphs with Context-Aware Query Representation Learning (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods rely on linear sequential operations to solve First-Order Logic queries.
Approach: They propose a model-agnostic approach that fully integrates the context of the query graph.
Outcome: The proposed method improves performance on two datasets by 19.5%.
GQLBench: A Large-Scale Cross-Domain, Cross-Dialect Benchmark for NL2GQL (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: despite growing interest in NL2GQL, benchmarking progress has been constrained by the lack of resources that are simultaneously large-scale, cross-domain, and cross-dialect.
Approach: They propose a framework that integrates NL2SQL-to-NL2GQL conversion with graph-native data generation.
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Heterogeneous Graph Transformer for Graph-to-Sequence Learning (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Recent studies ignore the indirect relations between distance nodes, or treat indirect relations and direct relations in the same way.
Approach: They propose a graph-to-sequence (Graph2Seq) encoder which models graph structure to model different relations in individual subgraphs of the original graph.
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