Challenge: Existing attacks focus on increasing the complexity of the modified visual task and do not explicitly leverage the model’s own reasoning incentives.
Approach: They propose a framework that decomposes and reassembles harmful visual semantics and constructs a gamified scene that drives the model to explore, reconstruct intent and answer as part of winning the game.
Outcome: Experiments on reasoning and non-reasoning MLLMs show that the proposed framework outperforms baseline models on both vision and text.

Similar Papers

VisCRA: A Visual Chain Reasoning Attack for Jailbreaking Multimodal Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have enabled sophisticated visual reasoning capabilities by integrating reinforcement learning and Chain-of-Thought (CoT) supervision.
Approach: They propose a jailbreak framework that exploits visual reasoning chains to bypass safety mechanisms.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves high attack success rates on leading closed-source MLRMs.
From LLMs to MLLMs: Exploring the Landscape of Multimodal Jailbreaking (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various tasks, effectively following instructions to meet diverse user needs.
Approach: They propose a framework for evaluation benchmarks and attack techniques for LLMs and MLLMs to enhance their security.
Outcome: The proposed frameworks have been exploited to exploit the weaknesses of LLMs and MLLMs.
FC-Attack: Jailbreaking Multimodal Large Language Models via Auto-Generated Flowcharts (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent research shows that multimodal large language models are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks .
Approach: They propose a jailbreak attack method based on auto-generated flowcharts . the flowchartings are then combined with a benign textual prompt to execute the attack .
Outcome: The proposed method achieves an attack success rate of up to 96% via images and 78% via videos across multiple MLLMs.
SURE: Safety Understanding and Reasoning Enhancement for Multimodal Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing multimodal large language models incorporate visual and textual information, but introduces new and complex safety risks.
Approach: They propose a safety reasoning framework that integrates visual modalities into multimodal models to help them resist jailbreak attacks.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves model safety while avoiding over-defense . it is based on a large-scale safety reasoning dataset .
DMN: A Compositional Framework for Jailbreaking Multimodal LLMs with Multi-Image Inputs (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing jailbreak methods only use a single image, restricting the attack space . Existing frameworks only use single image to distribute harmful requests across multiple images .
Approach: They propose a compositional jailbreak framework that leverages Distributed instruction, Multimodal evidence and a Number chain task to fully enhance the jailbreak performance.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves attack success rates of over 90% on GPT-4o, Gemini-2.5-pro and Claude Sonnet 4 .
Reasoning-Augmented Conversation for Multi-Turn Jailbreak Attacks on Large Language Models (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for implementing multi-turn jailbreaks struggle to balance semantic coherence with attack effectiveness, resulting in benign semantic drift or ineffective detection evasion.
Approach: They propose a framework that reformulates harmful queries into benign reasoning tasks and leverages LLMs’ strong reasoning capabilities to compromise safety alignment.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art attack effectiveness in complex conversational scenarios, with average ASRs increasing by up to 96%.
A Mousetrap: Fooling Large Reasoning Models for Jailbreak with Chain of Iterative Chaos (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have advanced beyond traditional Large Language Models, yet they pose heightened safety risks.
Approach: They propose a first jailbreak attack targeting Large Reasoning Models . they exploit a Chaos Machine component to transform attack prompts with diverse one-to-one mappings based on the reasoning chain .
Outcome: The proposed attack exploits the unique vulnerabilities of LRMs by integrating a Chaos Machine. success rates of the mousetrap attack are as high as 96%, 86% and 98% respectively.
Jailbreaking Multimodal Large Language Models using Multi-Clip Video (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies show that video inputs can bypass safety alignment, yet it remains unclear which properties of video input induce this vulnerability.
Approach: They propose a simple image-based defense that mitigates the vulnerability of MLLMs by analyzing video inputs.
Outcome: The proposed defense leverages the relative robustness of the image modality.
Jailbreak Large Vision-Language Models Through Multi-Modal Linkage (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods to jailbreak large vision-language models fail against cutting-edge models such as GPT-4o, despite having undergone safety alignment training.
Approach: They propose a new framework for jailbreaking large vision-language models that uses an encryption-decryption process to mitigate the over-exposure of harmful information.
Outcome: The proposed framework jailbreaks GPT-4o with 99.40% success rates on SafeBench, 98.81% on MM-SafeBench and 99.07% on HADES-Dataset.
Reference Attack: A New Cross-Modal Jailbreaking Attack against Multimodal Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have raised significant safety concerns about generated content, drawing attention from both academia and industry.
Approach: They propose a reference-guided cross-modal jailbreak method that enhances existing prompt-to-image injection attacks by exploiting MLLMs’ semantic reconstruction capabilities.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves an attack success rate of over 93% on leading MLLMs including ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and the widely used open-source LLaMA model.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations