Revisiting Non-Verbatim Memorization in Large Language Models: The Role of Entity Surface Forms (2026.acl-long)
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Yuto Nishida, Naoki Shikoda, Yosuke Kishinami, Ryo Fujii, Makoto Morishita, Hidetaka Kamigaito, Taro Watanabe
| Challenge: | Entity-based QA is a common framework for analyzing non-verbatim memorization, but typically query each entity using a single canonical surface form. |
| Approach: | They propose a dataset that pairs Wikidata factual triples with categorized entity surface forms . they examine surface-conditioned factual memorization and find that prediction outcomes change when only the entity surface form is changed. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset shows that large language models memorize factual knowledge when only the subject entity surface form is changed. |
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