Challenge: Current information retrieval systems struggle to handle complex instructions, despite its critical importance . current models struggle to follow complex instructions in real-world applications, resulting in user-specific tasks.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate instruction-following information retrieval in expert domains.
Outcome: The proposed method improves on existing models and provides valuable insights to guide future advancements in retrieval.

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FollowIR: Evaluating and Teaching Information Retrieval Models to Follow Instructions (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Modern language models (LMs) are capable of following long and complex instructions that enable a large and diverse set of user requests.
Approach: They propose a dataset that contains an instruction evaluation benchmark and a training set to help IR models learn to follow instructions.
Outcome: The proposed model improves after fine-tuning on a training set and rigorous instruction evaluation benchmark.
CoIR: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Code Information Retrieval Models (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods and benchmarks for information retrieval are inadequately representing the diversity of code in various domains and tasks.
Approach: They propose a benchmark specifically designed to assess code retrieval capabilities.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark aims to invigorate research in the code retrieval domain . it shares the same data schema as other popular benchmarks like MTEB and BEIR .
InFoBench: Evaluating Instruction Following Ability in Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) ability to follow instructions have not been able to provide a detailed analysis of their compliance with instructions.
Approach: They propose a new metric for evaluating Large Language Models' ability to follow instructions and a benchmark for DRFR.
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MAIR: A Massive Benchmark for Evaluating Instructed Retrieval (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing IR benchmarks focus on a limited scope of tasks, making them insufficient for evaluating the latest IR models.
Approach: They propose a multi-task instruction-tuned IR benchmark that includes 126 distinct IR tasks across 6 domains.
Outcome: The proposed model performs better on instruction-tuned models than non-instruction-tunned models on MAIR.
IF-RewardBench: Benchmarking Judge Models for Instruction-Following Evaluation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks for instruction-following lack data coverage and oversimplified pairwise evaluation paradigms that misalign with model optimization scenarios.
Approach: They propose a meta-evaluation benchmark for instruction-following that covers diverse instruction and constraint types and a preference graph for each instruction.
Outcome: Extensive experiments on IF-RewardBench show that the proposed benchmark achieves a stronger positive correlation with downstream task performance compared to existing benchmarks.
Moving Beyond Downstream Task Accuracy for Information Retrieval Benchmarking (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Neural information retrieval (IR) systems have progressed rapidly in recent years . many IR benchmarks focus on downstream task accuracy, concealing costs incurred .
Approach: They propose to include efficiency considerations on IR benchmarks to help drive progress . eral et al. propose to incorporate query latency and cost budgets into evaluation .
Outcome: a new study shows that the best IR system varies according to how efficiency considerations are chosen and weighed . the proposed benchmarks would allow for more thorough exploration of possible system designs .
M-IFEval: Multilingual Instruction-Following Evaluation (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Instruction following is a core capability of Large language models (LLMs), making evaluating this capability essential to understanding these models.
Approach: They propose a multilingual instruction following evaluation benchmark that expands to other languages . they propose to use both general and language-specific instructions to evaluate LLMs .
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The SIFo Benchmark: Investigating the Sequential Instruction Following Ability of Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Current evaluation resources for instruction following focus on single task instructions, but the instruction sequences in these benchmarks often lack coherence.
Approach: They propose to evaluate models’ abilities to follow multiple instructions through sequential instruction following tasks using four tasks to assess different aspects of sequential instruction followed.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark outperforms open-source and closed-source models on four tasks assessing different aspects of sequential instruction following.
Evaluating Retrieval for Multi-domain Scientific Publications (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: a new framework for retrieval and mining of scientific publications is being developed . the AskMe retrieval engine is a bridge between xDD's publication database and the LAPPS Grid suite of NLP tools.
Approach: They evaluate AskMe retrievalengine using BEIR benchmark datasets . they aim to determine when and why certain approaches perform well on in-domain and out-of-domain data.
Outcome: The AskMe retrieval engine performs well on both in-domain and out-of-domain data.
ReIFE: Re-evaluating Instruction-Following Evaluation (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing evaluations of large language models (LLMs) for instruction following are incomplete.
Approach: They propose to use 25 base LLMs and 15 recently proposed evaluation protocols to evaluate instruction following on 4 human-annotated datasets.
Outcome: The proposed evaluations identify the best-performing base LLMs and evaluation protocols with a high degree of robustness.

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