Challenge: Using data and data, self-improvement for Large Language Models has improved model capabilities without significantly increasing costs.
Approach: This survey provides a comprehensive overview of self-improvement for Large Language Models . it includes commonly used evaluations and downstream applications .
Outcome: The authors provide a comprehensive overview of self-improvement in Multimodal LLMs.

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MM-LLMs: Recent Advances in MultiModal Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: MultiModal Large Language Models (MM-LLMs) have undergone significant advances in the past year . traditional MM models incur substantial computational costs, especially when trained from scratch .
Approach: They propose a taxonomy encompassing 126 MM-LLMs and summarize key training recipes to enhance their potency.
Outcome: The proposed models preserve the reasoning and decision-making capabilities of LLMs and empower diverse range of MM tasks.
Towards Unified Multimodal Large Language Models: A survey (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: unified multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are emerging but lack a systematic framework to connect them and situate current trends within a broader landscape.
Approach: They present a systematic review of unified Multimodal Large Language Models . they outline the foundational concepts and prerequisites for understanding them .
Outcome: The present review provides a systematic and systematic overview of unified MLLMs . it discusses persistent challenges and identify promising directions for future research .
Retrieving Multimodal Information for Augmented Generation: A Survey (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly using multimodality to augment their generation ability, but there is no unified perception of at which stage and how to incorporate different modalities.
Approach: They propose to use multimodality to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) this will provide scholars with a deeper understanding of the methods' applications and encourage them to adapt existing techniques to the fast-growing field of LLMs.
Outcome: The proposed methods improve factuality, reasoning, interpretability, and robustness of the generated content.
Can We Edit Multimodal Large Language Models? (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods to edit multimodal models have been used to incrementally infuse a language model with a new set of facts.
Approach: They construct a benchmark for editing multimodal Large Language Models and establish metrics for evaluation.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks show that editing multimodal models is not as difficult as editing single-modal models.
How Do Large Language Models Capture the Ever-changing World Knowledge? A Review of Recent Advances (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are impressive in solving tasks, but they can quickly be outdated after deployment.
Approach: They provide a review of recent advances in aligning deployed large language models with the ever-changing world knowledge.
Outcome: The proposed models can be used to perform various tasks directly through in-context learning or for further fine-tuning for domain-specific uses.
Editing Large Language Models: Problems, Methods, and Opportunities (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent advances in model editing for LLMs have created challenges and opportunities for the community.
Approach: They propose to alter the behavior of LLMs efficiently within a specific domain without negatively impacting performance across other inputs.
Outcome: The proposed method alters behavior of LLMs efficiently within a specific domain without negatively impacting performance across other inputs.
A Survey of Confidence Estimation and Calibration in Large Language Models (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks in various domains, but they can be unreliable due to factual errors in their generations.
Approach: They summarize recent advances in LLM confidence estimation and calibration and outline their main lessons learned.
Outcome: The proposed methods can be used to assess the reliability of models and to calibrate them across tasks.
Large Language Models for Generative Recommendation: A Survey and Visionary Discussions (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing but are not fully able to leverage the generative power of LLM.
Approach: They examine the progress, methods, and future directions of large language models . they examine what generative recommendation is, why RS should advance to generative recommendations .
Outcome: The proposed approach can be simplified to generate recommendations from the entire pool of items.
From LLMs to MLLMs: Exploring the Landscape of Multimodal Jailbreaking (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various tasks, effectively following instructions to meet diverse user needs.
Approach: They propose a framework for evaluation benchmarks and attack techniques for LLMs and MLLMs to enhance their security.
Outcome: The proposed frameworks have been exploited to exploit the weaknesses of LLMs and MLLMs.
Adaptation of Large Language Models (2025.naacl-tutorial)

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Challenge: a tutorial on adaptation of large language models addresses the growing demand for models that go beyond static capabilities.
Approach: This tutorial will provide an overview of dynamic, domain-specific, and task-adaptive LLM adaptation techniques.
Outcome: This tutorial will outline dynamic, domain-specific, and task-adaptive LLM adaptation techniques.

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