Challenge: Existing evaluations do not evaluate the same aspect of quality, resulting in unclear comparability and low repeatability.
Approach: They propose to use a standard set of qualitycriterion names and definitions to establish comparability of existing evaluations.
Outcome: The proposed taxonomy combines 114 quality criteria from 3 surveys of 933 evaluations in NLP and is used to establish comparability of existing evaluations and guide the design of new evaluations.

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Are LLM-based Evaluators Confusing NLG Quality Criteria? (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing studies show that LLMs confuse evaluation criteria, which reduces their reliability.
Approach: They propose a hierarchical classification system for 11 common aspects with corresponding different evaluation criteria.
Outcome: The proposed system is based on 11 common aspects with different evaluation criteria.
Re-Examining Summarization Evaluation across Multiple Quality Criteria (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: a number of automated evaluation metrics are evaluated by multiple quality criteria, such as relevance, consistency, fluency and coherence.
Approach: They propose a method that removes the confounding variable and detects unreliable correlations.
Outcome: The proposed method detects unreliable correlations between QCs and human scores . it is based on a multi-QC setup, but it fails to detect summary corruptions .
Deconstructing NLG Evaluation: Evaluation Practices, Assumptions, and Their Implications (2022.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Evaluating natural language generation systems is difficult, as there are many ways to express similar things in text.
Approach: They combine interviews with NLG practitioners to examine ethical considerations and their implications for NLG evaluation.
Outcome: The findings of the study surface goals, community practices, assumptions, and constraints that shape NLG evaluations, and examine their implications and how they embody ethical considerations.
A Tutorial on Evaluation Metrics used in Natural Language Generation (2021.naacl-tutorials)

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Challenge: This tutorial presents the evolution of automatic evaluation metrics to their current state along with emerging trends in this field.
Approach: This tutorial presents the evolution of automatic evaluation metrics to their current state . it aims to assess the extent of scientific progress made and identify areas/components that need improvement .
Outcome: This tutorial presents the evolution of automatic evaluation metrics to their current state along with emerging trends in this field.
Is NLP Ready for Standardization? (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: a number of scientific fields, including telecommunications, networks and multimedia, lack standards in the field of NLP.
Approach: They propose to examine how NLP lacks standards and how that can impact society, industry and regulations.
Outcome: The proposed standards examine the needs of NLP researchers and industry . they argue that the lack of standards can impact the field, society and industry.
Fair Enough: Standardizing Evaluation and Model Selection for Fairness Research in NLP (2023.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Modern NLP systems exhibit a range of biases, which a growing literature on model debiasing attempts to correct.
Approach: They propose to clarify the current situation and plot a course for meaningful progress in fair learning by making clear inter-relations among the current gamut of methods and their relation to fairness theory.
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Perturbation CheckLists for Evaluating NLG Evaluation Metrics (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation metrics for natural language generation are inadequate . existing metrics are not robust against simple perturbations and disagree with scores assigned by humans to perturbed output.
Approach: They propose to propose checks which perturb the output and target a specific criteria and then use them to refine their evaluation.
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Reference-Free Evaluation of Taxonomies (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Taxonomies are used to classify items, ideas or organisms based on shared characteristics.
Approach: They introduce two reference-free metrics for quality evaluation of taxonomies in the absence of labels.
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A Dual-Perspective NLG Meta-Evaluation Framework with Automatic Benchmark and Better Interpretability (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation metrics are insufficient to meet requirements for natural language generation.
Approach: They propose a dual-perspective NLG meta-evaluation framework that focuses on different evaluation capabilities and a method of automatically constructing benchmarks without requiring new human annotations.
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In Benchmarks We Trust ... Or Not? (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks for Large Language Models (LLMs) are inadequate and lack a clear solution.
Approach: They propose checklists to cover all aspects of benchmarking issues, both for benchmark creation and usage.
Outcome: The proposed checklists cover all aspects of benchmarking issues, both for benchmark creation and usage.

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