Challenge: Existing methods for converting unstructured text into structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have limitations such as large amount of noise, inaccurate knowledge, and hallucination .
Approach: They propose a GraphJudge framework to reduce noise in real-world documents . they propose Graphjudge to fine-tune a LLM as a graph judge to enhance quality .
Outcome: The proposed framework eliminates noise in real-world documents and improves the quality of generated KGs.

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LLMs as Knowledge Graph Refiners: Mitigating Factual Inconsistencies in Generative Knowledge Extraction (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Knowledge graphs (KGs) represent real-world entities and their relations in a structured form.
Approach: They propose a framework that performs triple-level refinement on KGs constructed via GKE.
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Tree-KG: An Expandable Knowledge Graph Construction Framework for Knowledge-intensive Domains (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Knowledge graphs are a useful tool for organizing complex data in knowledge-intensive domains.
Approach: They propose an expandable framework that combines structured domain texts with advanced semantic techniques to create a tree-like graph from textbooks.
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KG-GPT: A General Framework for Reasoning on Knowledge Graphs Using Large Language Models (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Using large language models for complex reasoning tasks on knowledge graphs remains unexplored.
Approach: They propose a multi-purpose framework leveraging large language models for complex reasoning tasks on knowledge graphs.
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Generating Domain-Specific Knowledge Graphs from Large Language Models (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive world knowledge across different benchmarks and domains but their knowledge is inconveniently scattered across their billions of parameters.
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Fact Finder - Enhancing Domain Expertise of Large Language Models by Incorporating Knowledge Graphs (2026.eacl-demo)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models have demonstrated their proficiency in answering natural language queries.
Approach: They propose a system that augments Large Language Models with domain-specific knowledge graphs . they evaluate a medical KG and use a KG-based retrieval approach to enhance factual correctness .
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HOLMES: Hyper-Relational Knowledge Graphs for Multi-hop Question Answering using LLMs (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to answer multi-hop questions are query-agnostic and the extracted facts are ambiguous as they lack context.
Approach: They propose to use a knowledge graph to extract query-relevant information from unstructured text.
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Retrieval and Reasoning on KGs: Integrate Knowledge Graphs into Large Language Models for Complex Question Answering (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have performed impressively in various NLP tasks, but their inherent hallucination phenomena severely challenge their credibility in complex reasoning.
Approach: They propose to integrate explainable Knowledge Graphs (KGs) with LLMs to alleviate hallucinations . they construct subgraphs to enhance the retrieval capabilities of KGs via CoT reasoning.
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SocraticKG: Knowledge Graph Construction via QA-Driven Fact Extraction (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to construct knowledge graphs struggle with factual coverage and information loss.
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SAC-KG: Exploiting Large Language Models as Skilled Automatic Constructors for Domain Knowledge Graph (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing KG construction methods rely on human intervention to attain qualified KGs, which severely hinders the practical application of domain KG.
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DIVKNOWQA: Assessing the Reasoning Ability of LLMs via Open-Domain Question Answering over Knowledge Base and Text (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Retrievalaugmented LLMs have been used to ground LLM in external knowledge . a gap exists in the current landscape regarding the effectiveness of grounding LLM on heterogeneous knowledge sources.
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