Challenge: Recent approaches for visually-rich document understanding use manually annotated semantic groups.
Approach: They propose a new variant of the VrDU task that does not use manually annotated semantic groups.
Outcome: The proposed method improves on the existing methods while sacrificing performance.

Similar Papers

A Survey on MLLM-based Visually Rich Document Understanding: Methods, Challenges, and Emerging Trends (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU) frameworks are a key area of research . early approaches to VRDU relied on manually crafted rules and domain-specific heuristics . conventional deep learning approaches do not integrate the diverse modalities in documents .
Approach: They review recent advances in MLLM-based Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU) their findings highlight emerging trends and promising research directions .
Outcome: The proposed frameworks are scalable, reliable, and adaptable, the authors argue . their findings highlight emerging trends and promising research directions .
KnowVrDU: A Unified Knowledge-aware Prompt-Tuning Framework for Visually-rich Document Understanding (2024.lrec-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for integrating layout and image features into pre-training language models are not suitable for few-shot settings.
Approach: They propose to reformulate VrDU tasks into a single question-answering format with task-specific prompts and train the pre-trained model with the parameter-efficient prompt tuning method.
Outcome: The proposed framework can be used in few-shot settings and reduces data requirements.
MarkupLM: Pre-training of Text and Markup Language for Visually Rich Document Understanding (2022.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing layout-based pre-training approaches are not easy to apply to VRDU tasks.
Approach: They propose to use markup languages as the backbone for document understanding tasks where text and markup information are jointly pre-trained.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models on document understanding tasks.
LayoutMask: Enhance Text-Layout Interaction in Multi-modal Pre-training for Document Understanding (2023.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Pre-trained models on document images with transformer-based backbones have led to significant performance gains in this field.
Approach: They propose a multi-modal pre-training model that combines text, layout and image . they propose to use local 1D position instead of global 1D positions as layout input .
Outcome: The proposed model can achieve state-of-the-art results on a wide variety of VrDU problems.
Visually Guided Generative Text-Layout Pre-training for Document Intelligence (2024.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prior work shows that pre-training techniques can boost the performance of visual document understanding (VDU) . Xu et al., 2020;; Gu e t al, 2021;; Appalaraju e al. 2022)
Approach: They propose a visually guided generative text-layout pre-training method that optimizes hierarchical language and layout modeling objectives to generate interleaved text and layout sequences.
Outcome: The proposed model can process word-intensive documents of any length and achieves competitive performance over baselines on VDU tasks.
LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-rich Document Understanding (2021.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing pre-training tasks for text and layout are effective in visually-rich document understanding tasks.
Approach: They propose to combine pre-training tasks with a multi-modal model to model interaction between text, layout and image in a single multi-module framework.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms LayoutLM by a large margin on visual-rich document understanding tasks.
ERNIE-Layout: Layout Knowledge Enhanced Pre-training for Visually-rich Document Understanding (2022.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for visually rich document understanding lack layout-centered knowledge . experimental results show that ERNIE-Layout improves layout awareness .
Approach: They propose a document pre-training solution with layout knowledge enhancement in the whole workflow to learn better representations that combine the features from text, layout, and image.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models on key downstream tasks.
Unveiling the Deficiencies of Pre-trained Text-and-Layout Models in Real-world Visually-rich Document Information Extraction (2026.findings-eacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: PTLMs have shown remarkable success in multiple information extraction tasks . however, their performance in real-world scenarios falls short of expectations .
Approach: They propose to use an entity-centric dataset to evaluate PTLMs' performance . they find that inadequate annotations in benchmark datasets lead to spurious correlations .
Outcome: The proposed dataset disentangles the falsely-coupled segment and entity annotations that arises from the block-level annotation of FUNSD.
Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documents using LLM-based Organization of Documents into Independent Textual Segments (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Specialized non-LLM NLP-based solutions lack reasoning and are not able to infer values not explicitly present in documents.
Approach: They propose a novel LLM-based approach that organizes VRDs into localized semantic textual segments called semantic blocks.
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art on public VRD benchmarks by 1-3% in F1 scores and is resilient to document formats previously not encountered.
mPLUG-DocOwl 1.5: Unified Structure Learning for OCR-free Document Understanding (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing Multimodal Large Language Models lack general structure understanding abilities for text-rich document images.
Approach: They propose to use unified structure learning to boost the performance of MLLMs by encoding structure information into text-rich images.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on 10 visual document understanding benchmarks.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations