| Challenge: | Asia Minor Greek (AMG) dialects are endangered because of declining speaker base and scarce linguistic resources. |
| Approach: | They propose to annotate a treebank of Pharasiot Greek, one of the Asia Minor Greek (AMG) dialects. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank consists of 350 sentences from six fairy tales in Pharasiot Greek. |
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A New Latin Treebank for Universal Dependencies: Charters between Ancient Latin and Romance Languages (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Currently, Latin features the most data and the most treebanks of all the ancient languages of UD . |
| Approach: | They introduce a Latin treebank that follows the Universal Dependencies (UD) annotation standard . they use a translation of the late Latin Charter Treebank 2 (LLCT2) into the UD style . |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank is based on the Universal Dependencies (UD) annotation standard. |
MaiBaam: A Multi-Dialectal Bavarian Universal Dependency Treebank (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Despite the success of the Universal Dependencies (UD) project, there is still a lack of diversity within high-resource languages and their closely related non-standard languages and dialects. |
| Approach: | They propose to annotate Bavarian with part-of-speech and syntactic dependency information manually in UD and to highlight morphosyntactical differences between the closely related languages. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank covers multiple genres including wiki, fiction, grammar examples, social, non-fiction and Bavarian. |
Spoken Language Treebanks in Universal Dependencies: an Overview (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | spoken language treebanks have divergent annotation schemes limiting cross-resource explorations . many spoken language trees have no written form, but many of the world languages have no spoken form at all. |
| Approach: | They propose to use the Universal Dependencies annotation scheme to annotate spoken language treebanks using a morphosyntactic annotation scheme. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebanks differ significantly with respect to the inventory and format of transcribed phenomena and the principles adopted in their morphosyntactic annotation. |
Building a User-Generated Content North-African Arabizi Treebank: Tackling Hell (2020.acl-main)
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Djamé Seddah, Farah Essaidi, Amal Fethi, Matthieu Futeral, Benjamin Muller, Pedro Javier Ortiz Suárez, Benoît Sagot, Abhishek Srivastava
| Challenge: | a treebank for a north-African Arabic dialect known for code-switching is made freely available . authors: geopolitical events are a factor highlighting a language deficiency in terms of natural language processing resources . |
| Approach: | They propose to make a treebank for a romanized user-generated content variety of Algerian . they supplement it with 50k unlabeled sentences from common crawl and web-crawled data . |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank is made of 1500 sentences, fully annotated in morpho-syntax and universal dependency syntax, with full translation at both the word and sentence levels. |
BDPROTO: A Database of Phonological Inventories from Ancient and Reconstructed Languages (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | BDPROTO is a database of phonological inventory data from 137 ancient and reconstructed languages. |
| Approach: | They present a database of phonological inventory data from 137 ancient and reconstructed languages. |
| Outcome: | The BDPROTO database is a publicly available, unicode-compliant resource . it contains phonological inventory data from 137 ancient and reconstructed languages . |
The LIA Treebank of Spoken Norwegian Dialects (L18-1)
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Lilja Øvrelid, Andre Kåsen, Kristin Hagen, Anders Nøklestad, Per Erik Solberg, Janne Bondi Johannessen
| Challenge: | a long-term goal of this work is to develop a parser for spoken Norwegian with the immediate goal of parsing the whole LIA material. |
| Approach: | They describe the LIA treebank of transcribed spoken Norwegian dialects and their transcription, transliteration and further morphosyntactic annotation. |
| Outcome: | The treebank consists of 13,608 tokens, distributed over 1396 segments taken from three different dialects of spoken Norwegian. |
Building an Endangered Language Resource in the Classroom: Universal Dependencies for Kakataibo (2022.lrec-1)
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Roberto Zariquiey, Claudia Alvarado, Ximena Echevarría, Luisa Gomez, Rosa Gonzales, Mariana Illescas, Sabina Oporto, Frederic Blum, Arturo Oncevay, Javier Vera
| Challenge: | 12 This paper describes the collaborative methodology implemented to create a UD treebank for a Peruvian endangered language. |
| Approach: | They propose to create a UD treebank for a Peruvian endangered language . they use a collaborative methodology to create the treebank in a course . |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank would enhance the future development of an NLP toolkit for this endangered language. |
Universal Dependencies v2: An Evergrowing Multilingual Treebank Collection (2020.lrec-1)
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Joakim Nivre, Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, Filip Ginter, Jan Hajič, Christopher D. Manning, Sampo Pyysalo, Sebastian Schuster, Francis Tyers, Daniel Zeman
| Challenge: | Universal Dependencies is an open community effort to create cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages. |
| Approach: | They describe version 2 of the universal guidelines and discuss major changes from UD v1 to UD 2 . they propose a morphological layer, a syntactic layer and a word segmentation layer . |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebanks are available for 90 languages and have been updated to meet the needs of multilingual parsers and researchers. |
Universal Dependencies for Amharic (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | Amharic is a morphologically rich language with a dependency relation between orthographic words and lexical categories. |
| Approach: | They propose to create an Amharic Dependency Treebank by POS tagging, morphological information and dependency relations. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebanks are based on 1,096 sentences and are able to parse Amharic. |
A Gold Standard Dependency Treebank for Turkish (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Currently, Turkish treebanks are limited due to the limited number of annotated sentences in the domains of Wikipedia and ITU Web Treebanks. |
| Approach: | They propose to annotate Turkish web and Wikipedia sentences for segmentation, morphology, part-of-speech and dependency relations using tagsets and a Wikipedia section. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank is the largest publicly available morpho-syntactic treebank in terms of word count and has a dedicated Wikipedia section. |