Challenge: Motivational Interviewing (MI) requires a system that can infer how to motivate users to adopt positive lifestyle changes.
Approach: They propose a framework that can learn and apply conversation strategies from expert demonstrations by using natural language inductive rules.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms in-context demonstrations that are over 50 times longer and can learn natural language strategies from demonstrations.

Similar Papers

Schema-Guided Response Generation using Multi-Frame Dialogue State for Motivational Interviewing Systems (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Motivational interviewing (MI) is a goal-directed dialogue aimed at motivating clients to change their behavior.
Approach: They propose a method for updating multi-frame dialogue states and a strategy decision mechanism that dynamically determines the response focus in a manner grounded in MI principles.
Outcome: The proposed method generates responses aligned with MI principles and frequently asks questions to elicit change talk.
Rethinking the Alignment of Psychotherapy Dialogue Generation with Motivational Interviewing Strategies (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered counseling technique that encourages individuals to change behaviors through emphatic conversations.
Approach: They propose to use large language models to generate more controllable dialogues with explainability by prompting LLMs to predict appropriate strategies as reasoning and utilizing these strategies to guide dialogue generation.
Outcome: The proposed model generates more controllable and explainable dialogues with a set of MI skills.
Generation, Distillation and Evaluation of Motivational Interviewing-Style Reflections with a Foundational Language Model (2024.eacl-long)

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Challenge: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a counselling technique used to guide people towards behaviour change.
Approach: They propose a method for distilling reflections from a foundational language model into smaller models that can be owned and controlled.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves 100% success rate on hold-out test set and 90% on the GPT-2 XL.
How Well Can Large Language Models Reflect? A Human Evaluation of LLM-generated Reflections for Motivational Interviewing Dialogues (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a counseling technique that promotes behavioral change through reflective responses to mirror or refine client statements.
Approach: They assess the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate MI reflections via three LLMs: GPT-4, Llama-2, and BLOOM.
Outcome: The proposed models generate meaningful reflections comparable to human therapists, but significant challenges remain.
CAMI: A Counselor Agent Supporting Motivational Interviewing through State Inference and Topic Exploration (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a client-centered counseling technique designed to address ambivalence and facilitate behavior change in clients.
Approach: They propose to use a STAR framework to evoke change talk by using large language models to assess MI skill competency, client’s state inference accuracy, topic exploration proficiency, and overall counseling success.
Outcome: The proposed agent outperforms several state-of-the-art methods and shows more realistic counselor-like behavior.
A Fully Generative Motivational Interviewing Counsellor Chatbot for Moving Smokers Towards the Decision to Quit (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are being used to provide automated talk therapy . however, it is crucial to know if they would be effective and adhere to known standards.
Approach: They propose to use large language models to automate talk therapy with a focus on tobacco addiction.
Outcome: The proposed chatbot showed adherence to MI standards in 98% of utterances, higher than human counsellors.
Boosting Distress Support Dialogue Responses with Motivational Interviewing Strategy (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Lack of psychotherapeutic data makes it difficult to train chatbots . lack of mental health workers and stigma further demotivates people from seeking help.
Approach: They propose to rephrase MI non-adherent responses into Advise with permission using a behavioral coding scheme to identify conforming and non-conforming responses.
Outcome: The proposed rephrasers can be built with Blender and GPT3 to rephrase MI non-adherent Advise without permission responses into Adviser with permission.
Social Influence Dialogue Systems: A Survey of Datasets and Models For Social Influence Tasks (2023.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing research focuses on task-oriented or open-domain dialogue systems with influence skills.
Approach: They propose to define and introduce a category of social influence dialogue systems that influence users’ cognitive and emotional responses.
Outcome: The proposed system is task-oriented or goal-oriented, but it is not open-domain.
Leveraging Machine-Generated Rationales to Facilitate Social Meaning Detection in Conversations (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models for language from a social perspective are gaining popularity . we present a generalizable classification approach that leverages Large Language Models .
Approach: They propose a generalizable classification approach that leverages Large Language Models to detect social meaning in conversations.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves on two social meaning detection tasks over 2,340 settings.
KMI: A Dataset of Korean Motivational Interviewing Dialogues for Psychotherapy (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is gaining attention as a theoretical basis for mental health chatbots.
Approach: They propose a framework that simulates MI sessions enriched with the expertise of professional therapists by using large language models to generate utterances through prompt engineering.
Outcome: The proposed framework simulates MI sessions enriched with the expertise of professional therapists and employs large language models to generate utterances through prompt engineering.

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