Challenge: Existing methods for extractive summarization lack coherence, despite improvements . a human-annotated dataset is used to improve coherency of extractive summary .
Approach: They propose to use human-annotated datasets to create coherent extractive summaries . they use supervised fine-tuning and natural language user feedback to enhance coherence .
Outcome: The proposed dataset shows that LLMs can produce coherent summaries with human feedback.

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WikiSum: Coherent Summarization Dataset for Efficient Human-Evaluation (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: Existing summarization datasets are limited in their ability to evaluate output . a human evaluation is necessary to understand and improve summarizing systems .
Approach: They propose a dataset based on how-to articles and coherent paragraph summaries written in plain language.
Outcome: The proposed dataset makes human evaluation easier and more effective . the authors compare the proposed dataset to existing ones on PubMed and the literature.
How to Find Strong Summary Coherence Measures? A Toolbox and a Comparative Study for Summary Coherence Measure Evaluation (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods to evaluate summary coherence are often evaluated using disparate datasets and metrics.
Approach: They propose to use automatic evaluation to evaluate coherence of summaries by selecting high-scoring candidates.
Outcome: The proposed methods show that they can perform better on an even playing field.
What Have We Achieved on Text Summarization? (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for text summarization have been investigated, but there are still gaps between them and human professionals.
Approach: They analyze 8 major sources of errors on 10 representative summarization models manually.
Outcome: Aiming to gain more understanding of summarization systems with respect to their strengths and limitations on a fine-grained syntactic and semantic level, we use 8 major sources of errors on 10 representative summarizing models.
Learning to Summarize from LLM-generated Feedback (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Developing effective text summarizers remains a challenge due to issues like unfaithful statements, key information omissions, and verbosity.
Approach: They propose a large-scale dataset containing multi-dimensional feedback on LLM-generated summaries of varying quality across diverse domains to align them with human preferences for faithfulness, completeness, and conciseness.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the 10x larger Llama3-70b-instruct in generating human-preferred summaries.
A Guide To Effectively Leveraging LLMs for Low-Resource Text Summarization: Data Augmentation and Semi-supervised Approaches (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches for low-resource text summarization use large language models (LLMs) but such models suffer from inconsistent outputs and are difficult to adapt to domain-specific data.
Approach: They propose two methods to effectively utilize large language models for low-resource text summarization.
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Searching for Effective Neural Extractive Summarization: What Works and What’s Next (P19-1)

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Challenge: Recent years have seen success in the use of deep neural networks on text summarization, but there is no clear understanding of why they perform so well or how they might be improved.
Approach: They propose to use different types of model architectures to improve extractive summarization systems.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art on CNN/DailyMail by a large margin based on observations and analysis.
Post-Editing Extractive Summaries by Definiteness Prediction (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Abstract: Extractive summarization has been the mainstay of automatic summarizing for decades, but it still suffers from coreference issues arising from extracting sentences away from their original context.
Approach: They propose a post-editing step that generates linguistic decisions that lead to improved extractive summaries by predicting definiteness of noun phrases.
Outcome: The proposed system generates linguistic decisions that improve the quality of the extractive summaries.
Benchmarking Generation and Evaluation Capabilities of Large Language Models for Instruction Controllable Summarization (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Recent studies have found that large language models (LLMs) can achieve state-of-the-art performance on generic summarization benchmarks, but their performance on more complex summarizing task settings is less studied.
Approach: They benchmark large language models on instruction controllable text summarization . they use 4 evaluation protocols and 11 LLMs to evaluate their performance .
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On Learning to Summarize with Large Language Models as References (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Recent studies have found that summaries generated by large language models (LLMs) are favored by human annotators when compared to reference summary from widely used summarization datasets.
Approach: They propose to use large language models (LLMs) as reference learning settings for smaller text summarization models to investigate whether their performance can be substantially improved.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms standard supervised fine-tuning and human evaluations while retaining human-level performance.
Extractive Summarization with Text Generator (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing extractive systems lack gold training signals, thereby hindering learning of extractive models.
Approach: They propose to use text generators to train extractive summarizers by approximating outputs of abstractive summaries.
Outcome: The proposed method can be used to train extractive summarizers without training . it is shown that the approximated summaries correlate positively with the auxiliary summary outputs.

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