Challenge: Recent advances in large language models have enabled impressive zero-shot capabilities across various natural language tasks.
Approach: They propose two ways to exploit the emergent abilities of large language models for NLG assessment.
Outcome: The proposed methods improve performance and positional biases in comparisons between candidates.

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Challenge: Automated assessment in natural language generation is a challenging task.
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LCES: Zero-shot Automated Essay Scoring via Pairwise Comparisons Using Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to automate essay scoring rely on LLMs to generate absolute scores . however, these methods diverge from human evaluations due to model biases and inconsistent scoring .
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Leveraging Large Language Models for NLG Evaluation: Advances and Challenges (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: introducing Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new avenues for assessing generated content quality, e.g., coherence, creativity, and context relevance.
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A LLM-based Ranking Method for the Evaluation of Automatic Counter-Narrative Generation (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods for evaluating CNs are expensive, time-consuming, and subjective, but lack a universal truth and the lack of a 'universal truth' .
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Ranking Unraveled: Recipes for LLM Rankings in Head-to-Head AI Combat (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Evaluating large language models (LLMs) is a complex task. Pairwise ranking has emerged as state-of-the-art method to evaluate human preferences.
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A Zero-shot and Few-shot Study of Instruction-Finetuned Large Language Models Applied to Clinical and Biomedical Tasks (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled advances in the field of natural language processing . however, their application and potential are still underexplored .
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From Generation to Judgment: Opportunities and Challenges of LLM-as-a-judge (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) inspire the "LLM-as-a-judge" paradigm . traditional methods of assessment and evaluation fail in dynamic and open-ended scenarios .
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LLMs Are Zero-Shot Context-Aware Simultaneous Translators (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing SiMT systems operate on a sentence level, disregarding the context established by previous sentences or the broader context implied by previous words.
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Efficient LLM Comparative Assessment: A Product of Experts Framework for Pairwise Comparisons (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: LLM-as-a-judge approaches are effective but cost scales quadratically with number of candidates, which has practical limitations.
Approach: They propose a Product of Expert (PoE) framework for efficient LLM Comparative Assessment where individual comparisons are considered experts that provide information on a pair’s score difference.
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Evaluating Large Language Models via Linguistic Profiling (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) undergo extensive evaluation against various benchmarks collected in established leaderboards to assess their performance across multiple tasks.
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