Challenge: Existing methods to generate empathetic responses are monotonous and generic, resulting in shallow empathy and few connections to the context.
Approach: They propose to use explicit control to guide the empathy expression and a framework DiffusEmp to unify the utilization of dialogue context and attribute-oriented control signals.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms baselines on EmpatheticDialogue in terms of controllability, informativeness, diversity, and diversity without the loss of context-relatedness.

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Challenge: Existing studies lack the perception of fine-grained dialogue emotion propagation, and have limitations in reasoning about the intentions of users on cognition, which affect the quality of empathetic response.
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Challenge: Existing models for empathetic dialogue generation neglect the intricate interplay between emotion and intent, leading to suboptimal controllability of empathy.
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CASE: Aligning Coarse-to-Fine Cognition and Affection for Empathetic Response Generation (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing empathetic dialogue models only consider the affective aspect of empathy, which limits the capability of emotional response generation.
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CoMAE: A Multi-factor Hierarchical Framework for Empathetic Response Generation (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods for empathetic response generation ignore hierarchical relationships between different factors, leading to a weak ability of empathy modeling.
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EmpDG: Multi-resolution Interactive Empathetic Dialogue Generation (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing work on empathetic dialogue generation fails to capture the nuances of human emotion and consider the potential of user feedback.
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Multi-Party Empathetic Dialogue Generation: A New Task for Dialog Systems (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing work on empathetic dialogues focused on the two-party scenario, but multi-party dialogues are pervasive in reality.
Approach: They propose a multi-party empathetic dialogue generation task that uses a static-dynamic model to explore emotion and sensibility.
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Harnessing the Power of Large Language Models for Empathetic Response Generation: Empirical Investigations and Improvements (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Empathetic dialogue is an essential part of building harmonious social relationships and contributes to the development of a helpful AI.
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CogEmp:A Cognitive Empathy-Oriented Dialogue System for Structured Psychological Counseling (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing models lack accurate modeling of cognitive empathy, especially the ability to understand users’ emotions and their underlying psychological causes.
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CTSM: Combining Trait and State Emotions for Empathetic Response Model (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Empathetic response generation attempts to empower dialogue systems to perceive speakers’ emotions and generate empathetic responses accordingly.
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Empathetic Dialogue Generation via Sensitive Emotion Recognition and Sensible Knowledge Selection (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Empathy is a key trait of everyday human conversations.
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