Challenge: Existing multi-domain neural machine translation models lack adaptation to individual domains.
Approach: They propose a multi-domain neural machine translation model with individual modules for each domain . they use word-level, adaptive and layer-wise domain mixing to achieve this .
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models in several NMT tasks.

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Challenge: Experimental results on Chinese-English and English-French multi-domain translation tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
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Factorized Transformer for Multi-Domain Neural Machine Translation (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Multi-domain Neural Machine Translation (MMT) is a challenging task due to the extreme diversity of cross-domain wording and phrasing style, and the imperfections of training data distribution.
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Simple, Scalable Adaptation for Neural Machine Translation (D19-1)

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Challenge: Recent advances in deep learning have led to significantly improved quality on Neural Machine Translation (NMT) however, performance on out-of-domain data or low resource languages remains poor.
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Iterative Dual Domain Adaptation for Neural Machine Translation (D19-1)

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Challenge: Empirical results on Chinese-English and English-German translation tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework.
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A Survey of Domain Adaptation for Neural Machine Translation (C18-1)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation (NMT) is a deep learning based approach for machine translation.
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Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (2020.coling-tutorials)

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Challenge: In this tutorial, we will cover the latest advances in NMT to enhance low-resource translation.
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Domain Adaptive Inference for Neural Machine Translation (P19-1)

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Challenge: Neural Machine Translation models are effective when trained on broad domains with large datasets, such as news translation.
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Generalised Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Neural Machine Translation with Cross-Lingual Data Selection (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing work on unsupervised domain adaptation of neural machine translation assumes access to monolingual text in either the source or target language in the new domain.
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Enhancing Neural Machine Translation Through Target Language Data: A kNN-LM Approach for Domain Adaptation (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation (NMT) has made significant progress in recent years, yet often suffers from translating in new domains, which is called domain adaptation.
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Exploiting Deep Representations for Neural Machine Translation (D18-1)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation models typically implement encoder and decoder as multiple layers, but only the top layers are leveraged in the subsequent process, which misses the opportunity to exploit useful information embedded in other layers.
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