Papers by Johannes Daxenberger
Augmented SBERT: Data Augmentation Method for Improving Bi-Encoders for Pairwise Sentence Scoring Tasks (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Cross-encoders perform full-attention over the input pair, while bi-encoding requires substantial training data and fine-tuning over the target task to achieve competitive performance. |
| Approach: | They propose a data augmentation strategy that uses cross-encoders to label larger set of input pairs to augment training data for bi-encoding. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach improves on multiple tasks and domain adaptation tasks by up to 37 points compared to the original bi-encoder performance. |
Classification and Clustering of Arguments with Contextualized Word Embeddings (P19-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for argument mining focus on analyzing local argumentation structures, but information-seeking approaches need to be able to deal with heterogeneous sources and topics. |
| Approach: | They propose to use contextualized word embeddings to classify and cluster topic-dependent arguments using a UKP Sentential Argument Mining Corpus and IBM Debater - Evidence Sentences datasets. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves state-of-the-art on argument classification and clustering tasks and across multiple datasets. |
ArgumenText: Searching for Arguments in Heterogeneous Sources (N18-5)
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Christian Stab, Johannes Daxenberger, Chris Stahlhut, Tristan Miller, Benjamin Schiller, Christopher Tauchmann, Steffen Eger, Iryna Gurevych
| Challenge: | Argument mining is a core technology for enabling argument search in large corpora . but current methods fail when applied to heterogeneous texts . despite its obvious applications, argument search has attracted relatively little attention . |
| Approach: | They propose a system that searches sentential arguments for any given topic . ArgumenText automatically identifies and classifies arguments by relevance . |
| Outcome: | The proposed system covers 89% of arguments found in expert-curated lists . it also identifies additional valid arguments omitted or overlooked by human curators . |
Aspect-Controlled Neural Argument Generation (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Current argument generation models produce lengthy texts and allow the user little control over the aspect the argument should address. |
| Approach: | They propose a language model that can be controlled to generate sentence-level arguments for a given topic, stance, and aspect. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model generates high-quality arguments for argumentation and counter-arguments. |
Diversity Over Size: On the Effect of Sample and Topic Sizes for Topic-Dependent Argument Mining Datasets (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Topic-dependent argument mining is a task that requires expert knowledge to recognize retrieved arguments. |
| Approach: | They investigate the effect of TDAM dataset composition on model performance by using carefully composed training samples and reducing the training sample size by almost 90%. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can achieve 95% of the maximum performance on three different datasets. |
Multi-Task Learning for Argumentation Mining in Low-Resource Settings (N18-2)
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| Challenge: | Argument component identification is difficult for trained annotators to perform in a new domain or to develop new AM tasks. |
| Approach: | They investigate whether multi-task learning can improve performance on AM problems . they found that MTL performs particularly well when little training data is available for the main task . |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach performs better when little training data is available for the main task, a common scenario in AM. |
Evaluation of Argument Search Approaches in the Context of Argumentative Dialogue Systems (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Argumentative dialogue systems and chat bots require a database of arguments that matches their requirements. |
| Approach: | They propose a dialogue system that presents arguments by virtual avatar and synthetic speech to users and allows them to rate the presented content in four different categories. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system evaluates arguments retrieved by two state-of-the-art argument search engines and a system based on traditional web search. |
Cross-lingual Argumentation Mining: Machine Translation (and a bit of Projection) is All You Need! (C18-1)
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| Challenge: | Argumentation mining (AM) requires the identification of complex discourse structures . existing resources are not adequate for assessing cross-lingual AM due to their heterogeneity or lack of complexity. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a dataset to translate persuasive student essays into German, French, Spanish, and Chinese to compare arguments mining and annotation projection. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods perform better when using expensive human or cheap machine translations and almost eliminate loss from cross-lingual transfer. |
Argument Summarization and its Evaluation in the Era of Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
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Moritz Altemeyer, Steffen Eger, Johannes Daxenberger, Yanran Chen, Tim Altendorf, Philipp Cimiano, Benjamin Schiller
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various Natural Language Generation tasks, including Argument Summarization (ArgSum). |
| Approach: | They propose a prompt-based evaluation scheme and validate it through a human benchmark dataset. |
| Outcome: | The proposed evaluation scheme outperforms existing methods and is validated by a human benchmark dataset. |