Papers by Jiannan Cao
RA-ISF: Learning to Answer and Understand from Retrieval Augmentation via Iterative Self-Feedback (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent performance in numerous tasks but the parameterized knowledge stored within LLMs may be incomplete and hard to incorporate up-to-date knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that iteratively decomposes tasks and processes them in three submodules to enhance the model’s problem-solving capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms existing benchmarks on GPT3.5, Llama2 and other large language models significantly enhancing factual reasoning capabilities and reducing hallucinations. |
MIMIR: A Customizable Agent Tuning Platform for Enhanced Scientific Applications (2024.emnlp-demo)
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Xiangru Tang, Chunyuan Deng, Hanminwang Hanminwang, Haoran Wang, Yilun Zhao, Wenqi Shi, Yi Fung, Wangchunshu Zhou, Jiannan Cao, Heng Ji, Arman Cohan, Mark Gerstein
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have evolved into interactive agents capable of planning, tool use, and task execution across various tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a platform that leverages large language models to generate agent-tuning data for fine-tuneing smaller, specialized models. |
| Outcome: | MIMIR enables large models to simulate various roles and create interaction data, which can then be used to fine-tune open-source models like LLaMA2. |
Unveiling the Spectrum of Data Contamination in Language Model: A Survey from Detection to Remediation (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Data contamination is a problem in Large language models due to the reliance on extensive internet-derived training corpora. |
| Approach: | They present a survey on the topic of data contamination in large language models. |
| Outcome: | The results of the first survey on data contamination in large language models provide a comprehensive guide for NLP researchers seeking a systematic understanding of the issue. |
ToolGate: Contract-Grounded and Verified Tool Execution for LLMs (2026.findings-acl)
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Yanming Liu, Xinyue Peng, Jiannan Cao, Xinyi Wang, Songhang Deng, Jintao Chen, Jianwei Yin, Xuhong Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing frameworks for tool-augmented LLMs rely heavily on natural language reasoning to determine when tools can be invoked and whether their results should be trusted. |
| Approach: | They propose a forward execution framework that provides logical safety guarantees and verifiable state evolution for LLM tool calling. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves the reliability and verifiability of tool-augmented LLM systems while maintaining competitive performance on multi-step reasoning tasks. |
EquiBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models’ Reasoning about Program Semantics via Equivalence Checking (2025.emnlp-main)
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Anjiang Wei, Jiannan Cao, Ran Li, Hongyu Chen, Yuhui Zhang, Ziheng Wang, Yuan Liu, Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira, Diyi Yang, Ke Wang, Alex Aiken
| Challenge: | EquiBench is a new benchmark to evaluate large language models' ability to reason about program semantics . Unlike natural language, code is executable. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate large language models through equivalence checking . EquiBench consists of 2400 program pairs across four languages and six categories . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark consists of 2400 program pairs across four languages and six categories. |