Challenge: Existing hierarchical recurrent encoder-decoder models treat all contexts indiscriminately, which may hurt the following response generation process.
Approach: They propose a hierarchical recurrent encoder-decoder model that treats all contexts indiscriminately and uses a word level LSTM encoder to obtain the initial representation of each context.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline models on Chinese customer services and English Ubuntu dialogue datasets in terms of both metric-based and human evaluations.

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Multi-Turn Response Selection for Chatbots with Deep Attention Matching Network (P18-1)

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Challenge: Existing models for matching dialogue responses rely on semantic and functional dependencies . a recent study only uses the last utterance in context for matching a reply .
Approach: They propose a model that matches a response with its multi-turn context using attention.
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How to Represent Context Better? An Empirical Study on Context Modeling for Multi-turn Response Selection (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing work on building a conversational system for open domain human-machine conversation is attracting more attention . early models concatenate all utterances or independently encode each dialogue turn, which may lead to an inadequate understanding of dialogue status.
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Learning a Simple and Effective Model for Multi-turn Response Generation with Auxiliary Tasks (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to multi-turn response generation for open-domain dialogues have a complexity problem . auxiliary tasks that relate to context understanding can guide the learning of the generation model .
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Modeling Multi-turn Conversation with Deep Utterance Aggregation (C18-1)

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Challenge: Existing work on retrieval-based context modeling for multi-turn conversation ignores interactions among previous utterances.
Approach: They propose retrieval-based response matching for multi-turn conversation . they propose to combine previous utterances into context using a deep utterrance aggregation model .
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Modelling Context Emotions using Multi-task Learning for Emotion Controlled Dialog Generation (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Recent research has tackled this task using neural generative methods by augmenting emotion classes with the input sequences.
Approach: They propose to use a self-attention based encoder and a decoder with dot product attention mechanism to generate a viable response with a specified emotion.
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Multi-turn Response Selection using Dialogue Dependency Relations (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing models for multi-turn response selection ignore the dependencies between the turns.
Approach: They propose a dialogue extraction algorithm to transform a dialog history into threads based on their dependency relations.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art models on DSTC7 and DSTF8* with competitive results on UbuntuV2 .
EpMAN: Episodic Memory AttentioN for Generalizing to Longer Contexts (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have yielded impressive successes on many language tasks, but efficient processing of long contexts remains a significant challenge.
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Dialogue Act Classification with Context-Aware Self-Attention (N19-1)

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Challenge: Recent work in Dialogue Act classification has treated the task as a sequence labeling problem using hierarchical deep neural networks.
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RECAP: Retrieval-Enhanced Context-Aware Prefix Encoder for Personalized Dialogue Response Generation (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to personalized dialogue generation rely on dialogue data paired with user traits, profiles or persona description sentences.
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ACR: Adaptive Context Refactoring via Context Refactoring Operators for Multi-Turn Dialogue (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to multi-turn dialogues lack contextual consistency and dependencies, and models struggle to maintain factual faithfulness as interaction turns increase.
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