Challenge: Recent advances in Question Answering have led to the development of very complex models . however, these models are expensive in space and time and require limited resources .
Approach: They propose to use simple models which learn to emulate characteristics of a teacher network . they use a 12GB Tesla K80 GPU to restrict the maximum length of the input document .
Outcome: The proposed model can perform better on a Holl-E dialog dataset.

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Improved Knowledge Distillation for Pre-trained Language Models via Knowledge Selection (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing studies on knowledge distillation have shown that not all knowledge is necessary for learning a good student model.
Approach: They propose an actor-critic approach to selecting appropriate knowledge to transfer during the process of knowledge distillation.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms several strong knowledge distillation baselines significantly on the GLUE datasets.
Why Skip If You Can Combine: A Simple Knowledge Distillation Technique for Intermediate Layers (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge distillation techniques are not suitable for deep learning tasks due to memory constraints.
Approach: They propose to combine knowledge from a large teacher network into a student network (S) they propose to use a combinatorial mechanism to inject layer-level supervision from T to S .
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models in PortugueseEnglish, TurkishEnglish and EnglishGerman directions and students trained using it have 50% fewer parameters and can deliver comparable results to 12-layer teachers.
SWITCH: Studying with Teacher for Knowledge Distillation of Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Knowledge Distillation (KD) has emerged as a popular method for compressing large language models due to high inference costs and memory requirements.
Approach: They propose a method that integrates the teacher model during the student's sequence generation to reduce misguidance from the teacher.
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Structural Knowledge Distillation: Tractably Distilling Information for Structured Predictor (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Knowledge distillation is a technique to transfer knowledge between models, typically from a large model (the teacher) to a more fine-grained one (the student).
Approach: They propose a factorized form of the knowledge distillation objective for structured prediction which is tractable for many typical choices of the teacher and student models.
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Generation-Distillation for Efficient Natural Language Understanding in Low-Data Settings (D19-61)

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Challenge: Recent research points to knowledge distillation as a potential solution for NLU tasks.
Approach: They propose a training approach that distills large finetuned LMs into a small network using unlabeled training examples.
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms BERT training approaches while using 300 times fewer parameters.
Multi-Granularity Structural Knowledge Distillation for Language Model Compression (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to transfer knowledge to a small model are not enough to represent the rich semantics of a text.
Approach: They propose to distill the knowledge to a student hierarchically across layers using a large teacher-student framework.
Outcome: Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms distillation methods on GLUE benchmark.
Hard Gate Knowledge Distillation - Leverage Calibration for Robust and Reliable Language Model (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge distillation schemes focus on a teacher as a source of knowledge and a gauge to detect miscalibration of a student.
Approach: They propose a method that uses a teacher model as a source of knowledge and a model as an error detector to detect miscalibration of a student.
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ReAugKD: Retrieval-Augmented Knowledge Distillation For Pre-trained Language Models (2023.acl-short)

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Challenge: Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective compression technique to derive a smaller student model from a larger teacher model by transferring the knowledge embedded in the teacher's network.
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Sparse Logit Sampling: Accelerating Knowledge Distillation in LLMs (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Knowledge distillation is a cost-effective technique to distill knowledge in Large Language Models, if the teacher output logits can be pre-computed and cached.
Approach: They propose an importance-sampling-based method which provides unbiased estimates, preserves the gradient in expectation, and requires storing significantly sparser logits.
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Tutoring Helps Students Learn Better: Improving Knowledge Distillation for BERT with Tutor Network (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge distillation approaches for language models have overlooked the difficulty of training examples.
Approach: They propose a framework that controls difficulty of training examples during pre-training by a tutor network.
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