Challenge: a new corpus on the history domain is being created to mine text in the domain . primary motivation for the project is the need to query the material in a non-linear way .
Approach: They propose to use a Brazilian historical-biographical dictionary as a resource for text mining.
Outcome: The proposed corpus is a reference work on the Brazilian history domain . it contains almost 12 millions tokens in about three hundred thousand sentences . the authors argue that the proposed corpu is linguistically motivated .

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From FreEM to D’AlemBERT: a Large Corpus and a Language Model for Early Modern French (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Anguage models for historical states of language are becoming more complex to process and more scarce in the corpora available.
Approach: They propose to use a contextualised language model to analyse historical states of language in French.
Outcome: The proposed model is based on a corpus of historical texts and is evaluated with an NLP task.
Scalable Construction and Reasoning of Massive Knowledge Bases (N18-6)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge mining systems assume abundant human annotations for training high quality machine learning models, which is impractical when trying to deploy IE systems to a broad range of domains, settings and languages.
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Synthetic Data in the Era of Large Language Models (2025.acl-tutorials)

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Challenge: 'synthetic data' is a data generated with the assistance of large language models to make dataset construction faster and cheaper.
Approach: This tutorial seeks to build a shared understanding of recent progress in synthetic data generation from NLP and related fields by grouping and describing major methods, applications, and open problems.
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The DReaM Corpus: A Multilingual Annotated Corpus of Grammars for the World’s Languages (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Until recently, language descriptions were available in paper form only, with indexes as the only search aid.
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To Boldly Query What No One Has Annotated Before? The Frontiers of Corpus Querying (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: a systematic review of corpora and query tools focuses on the query side . annotated corporata are the backbone of many fields in linguistics .
Approach: They propose a chronology of the major interplay between corpus progression and query tool evolution . they focus on the query side and hints at exciting directions for future development .
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Graph Matching and Graph Rewriting: GREW tools for corpus exploration, maintenance and conversion (2021.eacl-demos)

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Challenge: Graph Rewriting is a mathematical formalism that can be used to describe rule-based transformations on linguistic structures.
Approach: They propose to use graph rewriting to describe rule-based transformations on linguistic structures.
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CLAUSE-ATLAS: A Corpus of Narrative Information to Scale up Computational Literary Analysis (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: XIX and XX century English novels annotated automatically contain 41,715 labeled clauses . a new approach to analyze novels based on clauses captures structural patterns within books, as well as qualitative differences between them.
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A Large-Scale Comparison of Historical Text Normalization Systems (N19-1)

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Challenge: a large study of historical text normalization is done on eight languages . there is no consensus on the state-of-the-art approach to normalization .
Approach: They present a large study of historical text normalization done on eight languages . they evaluate four different systems based on supervised learning on datasets from eight different languages based in the literature .
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Pretraining Language Models for Diachronic Linguistic Change Discovery (2026.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Large language models are increasingly used as knowledge discovery tools . historical linguistics and literary studies often construct arguments on the basis of distinctions between phenomena like time-period or genre.
Approach: They propose to use LLMs to train large language models over modest historical corpora without allowing contamination from anachronistic data.
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A Lightweight Approach to a Giga-Corpus of Historical Periodicals: The Story of a Slovenian Historical Newspaper Collection (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: a curated corpus of Slovenian historical newspapers is a complex undertaking requiring multiple steps to prepare . a shoestring budget is required to produce a corpus that is billion-words in size .
Approach: They propose a lightweight approach to producing high-quality corpora using OCR . they use noisy OCR-ed data from the National and University Library of Slovenia .
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