Challenge: Existing methods for generating pun sentences with word senses lack large-scale corpus for supervised learning . a pun is a clever and amusing use of a word with two meanings (word senses)
Approach: They propose an adversarial generative network for pun generation with a generator and a discriminator to distinguish between generated pun sentences and real sentences with specific word senses.
Outcome: The proposed network generates sentences that are more ambiguous and diverse in both automatic and human evaluation.

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Challenge: Existing methods for generating humorous puns are limited and require a broad spectrum of commonsense and worldly skills.
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Challenge: Existing studies on extractive keyphrases have shown promising results, but the results suggest that there is room for improvement.
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A Neural Approach to Pun Generation (P18-1)

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Challenge: generating puns with artificial intelligence techniques requires manual training and templates.
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Diversity-Promoting GAN: A Cross-Entropy Based Generative Adversarial Network for Diversified Text Generation (D18-1)

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Challenge: Existing text generation methods tend to produce repeated and ”boring” expressions.
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An End-to-End Generative Architecture for Paraphrase Generation (D19-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods for generating paraphrases with linguistic knowledge are often domain specific and hard to scale, or yield inferior results.
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A Survey of Pun Generation: Datasets, Evaluations and Methodologies (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Pun generation aims to modify linguistic elements in text to produce humour or evoke double meanings.
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Latent Code and Text-based Generative Adversarial Networks for Soft-text Generation (N19-1)

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Challenge: Text generation with generative adversarial networks (GANs) can be divided into text-based and code-based categories depending on the type of signals used for discrimination.
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Pun Generation with Surprise (N19-1)

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Challenge: In this paper, we explore creative generation with a focus on puns.
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AmbiPun: Generating Humorous Puns with Ambiguous Context (2022.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for generating homographic puns are heavy-weighted due to the lack of training data.
Approach: They propose a way to generate pun sentences that does not require training on existing puns.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms baseline models and state-of-the-art models by a large margin.
A Unified Framework for Pun Generation with Humor Principles (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing models for generating homophonic and homographic puns lack the linguistic attributes of successful puns to resolve the split-up in existing work.
Approach: They propose a framework to generate both homophonic and homographic puns to resolve the split-up in existing works by incorporating three linguistic attributes of puns into the language models: ambiguity, distinctiveness, and surprise.
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