Challenge: Large language models generate reasoning paths before final answers, but learning such a path requires costly human supervision.
Approach: They propose a method that fine-tunes LLMs to prefer reasoning paths with high confidence . they propose 'cORE-PO' that fine tunes Lms to choose high-quality reasoning paths .
Outcome: The proposed method improves the accuracy of outputs on four in-distribution and two out-of-difference benchmarks.

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Challenge: Existing approaches to elicit confidence from large language models are limited to binary or inaccurate group-level confidence estimates.
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Challenge: Modern large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities, driven in part by their capacity to generate a sequence of intermediate reasoning steps that lead them toward a final answer.
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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have excellent performance in various tasks, but fine-tuning requires extensive supervision.
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Challenge: Chain-of-thought reasoning has enabled large language models to use additional computation through intermediate tokens to solve complex tasks, but current models often generate more tokens than necessary to accomplish the task, incurring extraneous inference costs.
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Challenge: Existing methods for confidence estimation are primarily designed for factual QA tasks and fail to generalize to reasoning tasks.
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Challenge: Recent advances in large language models have shifted the post-training paradigm from instruction tuning and human preference alignment to reinforcement learning (RL) based on rule-based evaluations of answer correctness, these models often receive rewards for speculative answers without generating coherent reasoning chains.
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Self-Ensemble: Mitigating Confidence Distortion for Large Language Models (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models exhibit a confidence distortion problem on multichoice question-answering . Self-Ensemble solves this problem by splitting the choices into several groups .
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Self-training Large Language Models through Knowledge Detection (2024.findings-emnlp)

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