Challenge: Large multimodal foundation models perceive objects as indivisible, overlooking the components that constitute them.
Approach: They propose a novel benchmark for large multimodal foundation models comprising hand-labeled part segmentation annotations and task-oriented instructions to evaluate their performance.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark improves performance of current models in understanding and executing part-level tasks within everyday contexts.

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EIFBENCH: Extremely Complex Instruction Following Benchmark for Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks focusing on single-task environments with limited constraints lack the complexity required to fully reflect the evolution of large language models (LLMs).
Approach: They propose to use a Segment Policy Optimization algorithm to enhance the LLM's ability to accurately fulfill multi-task workflows.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks show that existing benchmarks lack the complexity required to fully reflect the evolution of large language models.
PCA-Bench: Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models in Perception-Cognition-Action Chain (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: a new multimodal decision-making benchmark evaluates the integrated capabilities of multimodal large language models.
Approach: They propose a multimodal decision-making benchmark for evaluating MLLMs . they propose an automatic evaluation protocol to assess 10 prevalent ML models .
Outcome: The proposed benchmark improves performance of multimodal large language models in three scenarios . the model is required to integrate multiple capabilities to make accurate decisions .
InstructEval: Instruction-Tuned Text Evaluator from Human Preference (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: InstructEval is a general text evaluator based on open-source Large Language Models (LLMs).
Approach: They propose to build a general multi-aspect text evaluator based on open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) they use extensive open Human Preference Modeling datasets and a small set of multi-spect annotated data to overcome the shortage of annotation resources for multi-task evaluations.
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InstructEval: Systematic Evaluation of Instruction Selection Methods (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: In-context learning (ICL) performs tasks by prompting a large language model using an instruction and a small set of annotated examples.
Approach: They develop an ICL evaluation suite to evaluate the performance of popular instruction selection methods.
Outcome: The proposed evaluation suite compares instruction selection methods over five metrics relevant to ICL.
Super-NaturalInstructions: Generalization via Declarative Instructions on 1600+ NLP Tasks (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: a benchmark of 1,616 diverse NLP tasks and their expert-written instructions is used to test generalization of models to unseen tasks . a recent study shows that instruction-following models outperform instruction-based models by over 9% .
Approach: They build a benchmark of 1,616 diverse NLP tasks and their expert-written instructions.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing instruction-following models by over 9% on the benchmark despite being smaller.
tasksource: A Large Collection of NLP tasks with a Structured Dataset Preprocessing Framework (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Several initiatives release harmonized datasets or provide harmonization codes to preprocess datasets into a consistent format.
Approach: They propose an annotation framework that enables concise, readable, and reusable annotations.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms all publicly available text encoders on all tasks.
Multimodal Self-Instruct: Synthetic Abstract Image and Visual Reasoning Instruction Using Language Model (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Using large language models, large multimodal models struggle with basic tasks like reading time from a clock and planning a route using a road map.
Approach: They propose a multimodal self-instruct that synthesizes massive abstract images and visual reasoning instructions.
Outcome: The proposed model synthesizes 11,193 abstract images and reasoning instructions across eight visual scenarios.
CrochetBench: Can Vision-Language Models Move from Describing to Doing in Crochet Domain? (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing multimodal large language models cannot generate executable procedures . authors propose a new benchmark to assess procedural competence in multimodal models .
Approach: They propose a new benchmark to assess procedural competence in multimodal large language models . they use a CrochetPARADE DSL representation to enable structural validation and functional evaluation .
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XCodeEval: An Execution-based Large Scale Multilingual Multitask Benchmark for Code Understanding, Generation, Translation and Retrieval (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Recent advances in large language models have shown impressive abilities in generating codes from natural language descriptions, repairing buggy codes, translating codes between languages, and retrieving relevant code segments.
Approach: They propose to use a multilingual multitask benchmark to evaluate large language models that can generate codes from natural language descriptions, repair buggy codes, and translate between languages.
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Know What You See: Grounded localization of product components (2026.acl-industry)

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Challenge: Existing object detectors treat components as isolated objects, ignoring their structure . a new method, Know What You See, uses textual knowledge to localize components .
Approach: a new method localizes components by grounding them using a textual knowledge base . KWYS improves component localization accuracy by 11% and reduces component hallucinations by 25% .
Outcome: a new method improves component localization accuracy and reduces component hallucinations . the proposed method improve on 1,000 product images across 5 diverse categories .

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