| Challenge: | Existing studies on media framing have focused on English only data, leaving a gap in research concerning multilingual contexts. |
| Approach: | They propose to use crowd-sourced datasets to automate framing analysis by automating translation and annotation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system improves on existing models in Bengali and Portuguese . the proposed system can train on a crowd-sourced dataset in 12 languages . |
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Multi-Label and Multilingual News Framing Analysis (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have focused on news framing in English, but few studies have explored how it can be extended to other languages and in multi-label settings. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that leverages dictionary and few annotations to detect frames from just the headline in a low-resource context. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method performs better than translating the entire headline to the source language . it can be scaled up to many languages, even those without existing translation technologies . |
OpenFraming: Open-sourced Tool for Computational Framing Analysis of Multilingual Data (2021.emnlp-demo)
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Vibhu Bhatia, Vidya Prasad Akavoor, Sejin Paik, Lei Guo, Mona Jalal, Alyssa Smith, David Assefa Tofu, Edward Edberg Halim, Yimeng Sun, Margrit Betke, Prakash Ishwar, Derry Tanti Wijaya
| Challenge: | Existing frameworks for analyzing frames in multilingual text documents are available online and via an API. |
| Approach: | They propose a web-based system for analyzing frames in multilingual text documents . framework combines unsupervised and supervised machine learning and leverages a state-of-the-art multilingual language model . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can significantly improve frame prediction performance while requiring a small sample of manual annotations. |
Multi-Modal Framing Analysis of News (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Automated frame analysis of political communication has been limited by the use of predefined frames and the visual contexts in which they appear. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for doing multi-modal, multi-label framing analysis at scale using large (vision-) language models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method provides a more complete picture for understanding media bias. |
Narratives at Conflict: Computational Analysis of News Framing in Multilingual Disinformation Campaigns (2024.acl-srw)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for multilingual framing differ from those used in English-speaking world . framers often use loaded vocabularies to create political images or favor a particular point of view . |
| Approach: | They use eight years of Russian-backed disinformation campaigns to examine framing . they find that disinformation campaign consistently favors specific framers . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method underperforms and shows high disagreements in Russian-language articles . the proposed method is based on eight years of Russian-backed disinformation campaigns . |
Entity Framing and Role Portrayal in the News (2025.findings-acl)
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Tarek Mahmoud, Zhuohan Xie, Dimitar Iliyanov Dimitrov, Nikolaos Nikolaidis, Purificação Silvano, Roman Yangarber, Shivam Sharma, Elisa Sartori, Nicolas Stefanovitch, Giovanni Da San Martino, Jakub Piskorski, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | a dataset of news articles containing 22 fine-grained characters is annotated for entity framing and role portrayal . the dataset includes 1,378 recent news articles in five languages focusing on the Ukraine-Russia War and climate change . |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual and hierarchical corpus annotated for entity framing and role portrayal in news articles. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset includes 1,378 recent news articles in five languages focusing on the Ukraine-Russia War and climate change . the authors report evaluation results on state-of-the-art multilingual transformers and hierarchical zero-shot learning using LLMs at the level of a document, paragraph, and sentence . |
Multilingual Multifaceted Understanding of Online News in Terms of Genre, Framing, and Persuasion Techniques (2023.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | a new dataset of news articles is presented that covers genre, framing, and persuasion techniques. |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual multifacet dataset of news articles annotated for genre, framing and persuasion techniques. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset contains 1,612 news articles covering recent news on current topics of public interest in six European languages. |
Framing Unpacked: A Semi-Supervised Interpretable Multi-View Model of Media Frames (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing models for news analysis lack transparency in their predictions. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-supervised model that embeds local information into news articles . it can be used to improve automatic news analysis, authors argue . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms previous models and can be used with unlabeled training data. |
Modeling Framing in Immigration Discourse on Social Media (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Using a dataset of immigration-related tweets, we examine how ordinary people on social media frame political issues. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a dataset of immigration-related tweets labeled for multiple framing typologies from political communication theory to analyze framers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model enables comparisons between different types of frames on social media and a dataset of immigration-related tweets. |
PolyNarrative: A Multilingual, Multilabel, Multi-domain Dataset for Narrative Extraction from News Articles (2025.acl-long)
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Nikolaos Nikolaidis, Nicolas Stefanovitch, Purificação Silvano, Dimitar Iliyanov Dimitrov, Roman Yangarber, Nuno Guimarães, Elisa Sartori, Ion Androutsopoulos, Preslav Nakov, Giovanni Da San Martino, Jakub Piskorski
| Challenge: | a new dataset of news articles annotated for narratives provides a framework for narrative detection . recurring narratives can propagate with very high velocity across audiences, languages and countries . |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual dataset annotated for narratives using two-level taxonomies . they define narrative as a recurring, repetitive, overt or implicit claim that promotes a specific interpretation or viewpoint on an ongoing topic . |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset will foster research in narrative detection and enable new research directions . the authors identify multiple narratives in the same article, and the results are published online . |
CLoSE: Contrastive Learning of Subframe Embeddings for Political Bias Classification of News Media (2022.coling-1)
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| Challenge: | Framing is a political strategy in which journalists and politicians emphasize certain aspects of an issue to influence and sway public opinion. |
| Approach: | They propose a BERT-based model which embeds indicators of frames from news articles in order to predict political bias. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model performs on subframes and political bias classification tasks and is able to detect political bias on both zero-shot and few-shot learning tasks. |