Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval augmentation have shown great performance in many applications, but their computational overhead and additional retrieval step limit their effectiveness in real-time tasks.
Approach: They propose a system that combines a cloud-based LLM with a smaller client-side model through retrieval augmented memory to provide real-time text prediction.
Outcome: The proposed system can generate better responses from the cloud-based model while maintaining low latency.

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RaDA: Retrieval-augmented Web Agent Planning with LLMs (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Agents powered by large language models inherit important limitations such as the restricted context length, dependency on human-engineered exemplars, and insufficient generalization.
Approach: They propose a novel planning method for Web agents that disentangles planning into two stages: for a new given task, it decomposes tasks into high-level subtasks; and then iteratively synthesizes actions based on dynamically retrieved exemplars.
Outcome: The proposed method decomposes tasks into high-level subtasks and iteratively synthesizes actions based on dynamically retrieved exemplars.
RAC: Efficient LLM Factuality Correction with Retrieval Augmentation (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive results across a wide range of tasks, yet they can often produce factually incorrect outputs.
Approach: They propose a low-latency post-correction method that decomposes the LLM’s output into atomic facts and applies a fine-grained verification and correction process with retrieved content to verify and correct the Llm-generated output.
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RaLLe: A Framework for Developing and Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (2023.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Existing libraries for building R-LLMs provide high-level abstractions without sufficient transparency for evaluating and optimizing prompts within specific inference processes.
Approach: They propose an open-source framework to facilitate the development, evaluation, and optimization of R-LLMs for knowledge-intensive tasks.
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Crafting Personalized Agents through Retrieval-Augmented Generation on Editable Memory Graphs (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: In the age of mobile internet, personal information is constantly being generated on smartphones.
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Outcome: The proposed approach improves 10% over the best existing approach on a real-world dataset and improves usability.
Efficient Integration of External Knowledge to LLM-based World Models via Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Reinforcement Learning (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing attempts to enhance LLM-based world models through prompting or fine-tuning approaches are either requiring human knowledge or computationally extensive.
Approach: They propose a framework that leverages retrieval-augmented generation to integrate external knowledge to LLM-based world models.
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LLM-Independent Adaptive RAG: Let the Question Speak for Itself (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods to retrieve Large Language Models (LLMs) are inefficient and impractical.
Approach: They propose a lightweight adaptive retrieval method that leverages external information to achieve comparable quality while achieving significant efficiency gains.
Outcome: The proposed methods achieve comparable quality while achieving significant efficiency gains on 6 QA datasets.
Embedding-Informed Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation of Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Retrieval-augmented large language models excel in various NLP tasks but are not always helpful when the knowledge required is absent in the model.
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M-RAG: Reinforcing Large Language Model Performance through Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Multiple Partitions (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for retrieving relevant memories from an external database are coarse-grained and can cause noise and focus on crucial memories.
Approach: They propose a multiple partition paradigm for RAG where each database partition serves as a basic unit for execution.
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Open-RAG: Enhanced Retrieval Augmented Reasoning with Open-Source Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods to integrate Large Language Models with external knowledge suffer from limited reasoning capabilities, especially when using open-source LLMs.
Approach: They propose a framework that transforms an arbitrary dense LLM into a parameter-efficient sparse mixture of experts (MoE) model capable of handling complex reasoning tasks.
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RAG in the Wild: On the (In)effectiveness of LLMs with Mixture-of-Knowledge Retrieval Augmentation (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models by integrating external knowledge retrieved at inference time.
Approach: They evaluate RAG systems using MassiveDS, a large-scale datastore with mixture of knowledge.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves performance on knowledge-intensive NLP tasks.

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