Challenge: Existing approaches to solve multi-hop question are constrained by the retriever and the noise in the retrieved documents.
Approach: They propose a framework that integrates parametric knowledge of large language models with external documents to solve a multi-hop question.
Outcome: The proposed framework is based on the parametric knowledge of LLMs and external documents to solve a multi-hop question.

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Commonsense for Generative Multi-Hop Question Answering Tasks (D18-1)

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Challenge: Reading comprehension QA tasks have seen a recent surge in popularity, yet most work has focused on fact-finding extractive QA.
Approach: They propose a multi-hop generative task that uses a pointer-generator decoder to synthesize disjoint pieces of information within the context to generate an answer.
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Groundedness in Retrieval-augmented Long-form Generation: An Empirical Study (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: a significant portion of correct answers remain compromised by hallucinations in large language models.
Approach: They examine whether every generated sentence is grounded in retrieved documents or the model’s pre-training data.
Outcome: The findings highlight the need for more robust mechanisms in large language models to mitigate the generation of ungrounded content.
Generative Context Pair Selection for Multi-hop Question Answering (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent studies have shown that discriminative training results in models that exploit these underlying biases to achieve a better held-out performance, without learning the right way to reason.
Approach: They propose a generative context selection model for multi-hop QA that reasons about how the given question could have been generated given a context pair and not just independent contexts.
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BRIEF: Bridging Retrieval and Inference for Multi-hop Reasoning via Compression (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to augment language models with external knowledge but they are limited by static nature of pre-training data.
Approach: They propose a lightweight approach that compresses retrieved documents into highly dense textual summaries to integrate into in-context RAG.
Outcome: The proposed approach reduces latency and costs while achieving high performance in open-domain questions.
Question Decomposition for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2025.acl-srw)

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Challenge: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is effective for question answering tasks . multi-hop questions, such as "Which company among NVIDIA, Apple, and Google made the biggest profit in 2023?" challenge RAG because relevant facts are often distributed across multiple documents .
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RISE: Reasoning Enhancement via Iterative Self-Exploration in Multi-hop Question Answering (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in many areas but face challenges with complex reasoning tasks, such as Multi-Hop Question Answering (MHQA).
Approach: They propose a framework to enhance models’ reasoning capability through iterative self-exploration that addresses key errors in MHQA tasks such as Evidence Aggregation and Reasoning Decomposition.
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Low-Resource Generation of Multi-hop Reasoning Questions (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods to generate valid and fluent questions from text are limited and insufficient for training.
Approach: They propose to generate multi-hop reasoning questions from the raw text in a low resource circumstance by deducing over multiple relations on several sentences in the text.
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Tagging-Augmented Generation: Assisting Language Models in Finding Intricate Knowledge In Long Contexts (2025.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Recent studies into effective context lengths of flagship large language models (LLMs) have revealed major limitations in effective question answering (QA) and reasoning over long and complex contexts for even the largest and most impressive cadre of models.
Approach: They propose a lightweight data augmentation strategy that boosts LLM performance in long-context scenarios without degrading and altering the integrity and composition of retrieved documents.
Outcome: The proposed strategy boosts performance in long-context scenarios without degrading and altering the integrity and composition of retrieved documents.
Uncertainty Guided Global Memory Improves Multi-Hop Question Answering (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Transformers are used to solve multi-hop question answering tasks that require reasoning over multiple parts of a long document.
Approach: They propose a method that collects relevant information over the entire document and then combines it with local context to solve a multi-hop question answering task.
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Tackling Distractor Documents in Multi-Hop QA with Reinforcement and Curriculum Learning (2026.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Existing work on retrieval-augmented generation systems has shown that retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting downstream performance.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-augmented generation model that generates answers from larger sets of retrieved contexts.
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