Challenge: Existing QA datasets do not include sufficient time expressions, and language models have difficulty understanding the relationships between time specifiers and numerical values.
Approach: They propose a Time-Context-dependent Span Extraction task and build a time-context dependent data generation framework for model training.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline models up to 8.5 of the F1-score in the TimeQA dataset.

Similar Papers

Enhancing Temporal Sensitivity and Reasoning for Time-Sensitive Question Answering (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing language models have limited sensitivity to temporal information and inadequate temporal reasoning capabilities.
Approach: They propose a framework that enhances temporal awareness and reasoning . they propose to use Temporal Information-Aware Embedding and Granular Contrastive Reinforcement Learning .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing LLMs on time-sensitive question answering tasks.
Time-MQA: Time Series Multi-Task Question Answering with Context Enhancement (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing time series models focus on a narrow spectrum of tasks, such as forecasting or anomaly detection.
Approach: They propose a framework that enables natural language queries across multiple time series tasks such as numerical analytical tasks and open-ended question answering with reasoning.
Outcome: The proposed framework enables natural language queries across multiple time series tasks and allows for more advanced and intuitive interactions with temporal data.
UnSeenTimeQA: Time-Sensitive Question-Answering Beyond LLMs’ Memorization (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: UnSeenTimeQA is a data contamination-free time-sensitive question-answering benchmark.
Approach: They propose a data contamination-free time-sensitive question-answering benchmark that avoids web-searchable queries grounded in the real world.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark avoids web-searchable queries grounded in the real world and enables on-demand generation of new samples, mitigating the risk of data leakage.
VideoQA-TA: Temporal-Aware Multi-Modal Video Question Answering (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for video question answering align visual or textual features directly with large language models, limiting the deep semantic association between modalities and hindering a comprehensive understanding of interactions within spatial and temporal contexts.
Approach: They propose a temporal-aware framework for multi-modal video question answering that aligns videos and questions at fine-grained levels.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves reasoning ability and accuracy of videoQA by aligning videos and questions at fine-grained levels.
Towards Benchmarking and Improving the Temporal Reasoning Capability of Large Language Models (2023.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent time-dependent question answering datasets tend to be biased in either their coverage of time spans or question types.
Approach: They propose a temporal reasoning framework based on temporal span extraction and time-sensitive reinforcement learning to improve the temporal ability of large language models.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves the temporal reasoning capability of large language models by using temporal span extraction and time-sensitive reinforcement learning.
Improving Time Sensitivity for Question Answering over Temporal Knowledge Graphs (2022.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Temporal knowledge graphs record entity relations and when they occur in time . previous work fails to address time-related challenges such as time-order issues . paper proposes time-sensitive question answering framework to address these problems .
Approach: They propose a time-sensitive question answering framework that uses temporal KGs to answer natural language questions.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art on a new benchmark for question answering over temporal knowledge graphs.
It’s High Time: A Survey of Temporal Question Answering (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Temporal Question Answering (TQA) is a research area that focuses on answering questions involving temporal constraints or context.
Approach: They present a comprehensive overview of Temporal Question Answering (TQA) this research area focuses on answering questions involving temporal constraints or context .
Outcome: The proposed frameworks are compared against a range of datasets, tasks, and approaches.
Best of Both Worlds: Towards Improving Temporal Knowledge Base Question Answering via Targeted Fact Extraction (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Temporal question answering (QA) is a complex task that requires reasoning over facts asserting time intervals of events.
Approach: They propose a temporal fact extraction technique that helps QA when it fails to retrieve temporal facts from the KB.
Outcome: The proposed technique can extract temporal facts that failed to get retrieved from the KB without additional training cost.
Time-aware ReAct Agent for Temporal Knowledge Graph Question Answering (2025.findings-naacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing solutions for temporal knowledge graph question answering lack sufficient temporal constraints in retrieval process.
Approach: They propose a temporal knowledge graph question answering framework that integrates temporal constraints into information retrieval.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves a 41.3% improvement over the baseline model and a 32.2% gain compared to the Abstract Reasoning Induction (ARI) method.
Question Answering as Programming for Solving Time-Sensitive Questions (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent studies show that Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable intelligence in question answering.
Approach: They propose to reframe the Question Answering task as Programming to overcome this limitation by leveraging LLMs' superior ability in understanding both natural language and programming language.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves on time-sensitive question answering datasets by 14.5% over baselines.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations