Challenge: Existing transformer-based models can only process long documents with limited computational resources due to their quadratic computation time and space.
Approach: They propose to use state-space models for long document classification tasks instead of using sparse or hierarchical structures to solve this problem.
Outcome: The proposed model performs comparable to self-attention models while being 36% more efficient.

Similar Papers

Efficient Classification of Long Documents Using Transformers (2022.acl-short)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Several methods have been proposed for classifying long textual documents using Transformers, but there is a lack of consensus on a benchmark to enable a fair comparison among different approaches.
Approach: They propose to use a dataset to evaluate the relative efficacy of various models for long document classification using Transformers.
Outcome: The proposed models outperform simple baseline models and yield inconsistent performance across datasets.
Revisiting Transformer-based Models for Long Document Classification (2022.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent literature in text classification is biased towards short text sequences . multi-page multi-paragraph documents cannot be efficiently encoded by vanilla transformers based on short text.
Approach: They compare different Transformer-based Long Document Classification approaches to mitigate the computational overhead of vanilla transformers to encode much longer text.
Outcome: The proposed models can process longer text and provide practical advice for long document classification tasks.
Hi-Transformer: Hierarchical Interactive Transformer for Efficient and Effective Long Document Modeling (2021.acl-short)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to model long documents are difficult due to the quadratic complexity of text length.
Approach: They propose a hierarchical interactive Transformer for efficient long document modeling.
Outcome: Extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets validate the efficiency and effectiveness of Hi-Transformer in long document modeling.
Transformer-based Models for Long-Form Document Matching: Challenges and Empirical Analysis (2023.findings-eacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in the area of long document matching have primarily focused on using transformer-based models for long document encoding and matching.
Approach: They propose to use simple neural models and simple embeddings to improve document matching by taking significantly less training time, energy, and memory.
Outcome: The proposed models outperform the more complex BERT-based models while taking significantly less training time, energy, and memory.
On Pruning State-Space LLMs (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work proposed state-space models as an efficient alternative to transformers.
Approach: They propose to prune state-space models (SSMs) to reduce computation costs by using unstructured pruning methods.
Outcome: The proposed pruning methods show that they can be pruned to reduce their computation costs.
The NLP Task Effectiveness of Long-Range Transformers (2023.eacl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing benchmarks on long-range attention models have not been sufficient to develop efficient Transformers and their practical application on complex NLP tasks.
Approach: They propose to benchmark 7 Transformer variants on 5 difficult NLP tasks and 7 datasets to examine their capacity for long-range attention.
Outcome: The proposed models have advantages on content selection and query-guided decoding, but they come with previously unrecognized drawbacks such as insufficient attention to distant tokens and accumulated approximation error.
CodeSSM: Towards State Space Models for Code Understanding (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing transformers have limitations, such as quadratic complexity and high inference costs.
Approach: They propose a state space model that is trained on code corpora to assess its effectiveness.
Outcome: The proposed model reduces memory usage by up to 64% compared to transformers at a context length of 2048.
Scaling up the State Size of RNN LLMs for Long-Context Scenarios (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing RNN-based LLMs struggle with long-context scenarios due to their quadratic computational complexity and linear memory requirements.
Approach: They propose an efficient scaling method to scale RNN models to match the 2k context length of Transformers with small parameters overhead.
Outcome: The proposed method improves long-context understanding and improves performance on FDA recall-intensive tasks.
Document Structure in Long Document Transformers (2024.eacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing long-document Transformers do not learn representations of document structure during pretraining.
Approach: They propose to use long-document Transformers to acquire an internal representation of document structure during pre-training and evaluate the effects of structure infusion on QASPER and Evidence Inference.
Outcome: The proposed models acquire implicit understanding of document structure during pre-training, which can be enhanced by structure infusion, leading to improved end-task performance.
Long-Span Summarization via Local Attention and Content Selection (2021.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Transformer-based models are state-of-the-art for a wide range of natural language processing tasks, including document summarization.
Approach: They exploit large pre-trained transformer-based models and address long-span dependencies in abstractive summarization using two methods: local self-attention; and explicit content selection.
Outcome: The proposed models achieve state-of-the-art on Spotify Podcast, arXiv, and PubMed datasets.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations