Challenge: a lack of cross-lingual training data in emergent domains makes it difficult to train on emerging domains.
Approach: They propose a cross-lingual open-retrieval question answering system for COVID-19 . their system adopts a corpus of scientific articles to ensure that retrieved documents are reliable.
Outcome: The proposed system outperforms BM25 baselines in cross-lingual settings.

Similar Papers

Open-Domain Question-Answering for COVID-19 and Other Emergent Domains (2021.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: a system for open-domain question-answering is developed for COVID-19 . small data size allows system to retrieve answers from large corpus of scientific papers .
Approach: They propose an open-domain question-answering system that can retrieve answers from large corpus of COVID-19 papers.
Outcome: The proposed open-domain question-answering system can retrieve answers from large corpus of COVID-19 scientific papers.
XOR QA: Cross-lingual Open-Retrieval Question Answering (2021.naacl-main)

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Challenge: a dataset of 40k information-seeking questions across seven languages is used to answer multilingual question answering tasks.
Approach: They propose a task framework that allows questions from one language to be answered via answer content from another language.
Outcome: The proposed framework can be used to answer questions from one language to another . the dataset was built on 40K questions across 7 languages, but could not find same-language answers .
XQA: A Cross-lingual Open-domain Question Answering Dataset (P19-1)

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Challenge: Open-domain question answering aims to answer questions through text retrieval and reading comprehension . but, the success of these models relies on a massive volume of training data, which is not available in other languages . a new dataset aims at investigating cross-lingual OpenQA .
Approach: They propose to use a dataset for cross-lingual OpenQA research to test models . they use XQA dataset to train models with large volumes of labeled data .
Outcome: The proposed model achieves best results in almost all target languages while the performance is lower than that of English.
Multilingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive Question Answering Task (2026.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Existing studies focus on English as the data language for RAG, resulting in limited coverage of multilingual RAG.
Approach: They propose a method that translates retrieved documents into a common language before generating the response.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves efficiency on knowledge-intensive tasks but introduces inconsistencies due to cross-lingual variations in the retrieved content.
Cross-Lingual Open-Domain Question Answering with Answer Sentence Generation (2022.aacl-main)

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Challenge: Open-Domain Generative Question Answering has achieved impressive performance in English . combining document-level retrieval with answer generation can generate complete sentences .
Approach: They propose an open-domain approach that combines document retrieval with answer generation to generate complete sentences in English . they propose a cross-lingual generative model that exploits passages written in multiple languages .
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms answer sentence selection baselines for all 5 languages and monolingual pipelines for three out of five languages.
Pre-training Cross-lingual Open Domain Question Answering with Large-scale Synthetic Supervision (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Cross-lingual open domain question answering requires multiple models, requiring substantial annotated datasets and auxiliary resources to bridge between languages.
Approach: They propose a selfsupervised method that exploits Wikipedia's cross-lingual link structure . they show that the method outperforms comparable methods on supervised and zero-shot settings .
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms comparable methods on supervised and zero-shot language adaptation settings.
Multi-Domain Multilingual Question Answering (2021.emnlp-tutorials)

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Challenge: Question answering (QA) is one of the most challenging tasks in natural language processing.
Approach: a tutorial examines the state-of-the-art approaches to multi-domain and multilingual QA . they introduce standard benchmarks and discuss out-of the-box training with open-domain QA systems .
Outcome: This tutorial aims to bridge the gap between open-domain and multilingual QA.
Towards more equitable question answering systems: How much more data do you need? (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: Question answering datasets in English are relatively new, but lack of linguistic diversity in the field is a challenge.
Approach: They propose to use translation and cross-lingual transfer to produce QA systems in multiple languages to improve their performance.
Outcome: The proposed approaches take advantage of existing resources to produce QA systems in multiple languages.
Improving Retrieval Augmented Open-Domain Question-Answering with Vectorized Contexts (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Retrieval Augmented Generation can be used to process long contexts in Open-Domain Question-Answering tasks.
Approach: They propose a method to cover longer contexts in Open-Domain Question-Answering tasks by using a small encoder language model and cross-attention with origin inputs.
Outcome: The proposed method can cover longer contexts while keeping the computing requirements close to the baseline.

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