Challenge: Existing models for stock price movement prediction use auxiliary data, but we assume other stocks should be utilized as auxiliary information to enhance performance.
Approach: They propose a Causality-guided multi-memory interaction network for stock movement prediction which transforms basic attention into Causal Attention by calculating transfer entropy between multivariate stocks.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models on three real-world datasets from the U.S. and Chinese markets.

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Deep Attentive Learning for Stock Movement Prediction From Social Media Text and Company Correlations (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing models that predict stock movements are based on time series and technical analysis, but price signals alone fail to capture market surprises and impacts of sudden unexpected events.
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Modeling News Interactions and Influence for Financial Market Prediction (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing studies often adopt a simplified approach by treating available news data holistically and investigating its overall effect on market outcomes, the nuanced information contained within individual news items is overlooked.
Approach: They propose a market prediction model that integrates multi-modal information from both market data and news articles to capture the links between news and prices.
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Stock Movement Prediction from Tweets and Historical Prices (P18-1)

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Challenge: a novel deep generative model exploits text and price signals to make stochastic stock movement predictions.
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Event-Driven Learning of Systematic Behaviours in Stock Markets (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Using financial news, we can predict stock market behaviours by extracting financial events from the news and ranking the importance of the events.
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VolTAGE: Volatility Forecasting via Text Audio Fusion with Graph Convolution Networks for Earnings Calls (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to stock volatility forecasting ignore correlations between stocks.
Approach: They propose to combine vocal cues with verbal and financial cue data to create a multimodal stock volatility prediction model that accounts for stock interdependence via graph convolutions.
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Decoding the Market’s Pulse: Context-Enriched Agentic Retrieval Augmented Generation for Predicting Post-Earnings Price Shocks (2026.eacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for forecasting large stock price movements after corporate earnings calls are prone to **narrative bias** Existing approaches lack temporal-causal reasoning and are unable to predict large stock prices.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-augmented framework that deploys a team of cooperative LLM agents . they retrieve structured evidence from a Causal-Temporal Knowledge Graph built from financial statements and earnings calls .
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Incorporating Fine-grained Events in Stock Movement Prediction (D19-51)

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Challenge: Existing studies mainly adopt coarse-grained events, which loses the specific semantic information of diverse event types.
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LLMFactor: Extracting Profitable Factors through Prompts for Explainable Stock Movement Prediction (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent work has focused on the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) but the finance sector is relying on time-series data for complex forecasting tasks.
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Augur: Modeling Covariate Causal Associations in Time Series via Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising avenue for time series forecasting . existing approaches face limitations such as marginalized role in model architectures and lack of interpretability.
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DocFin: Multimodal Financial Prediction and Bias Mitigation using Semi-structured Documents (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing research focuses on textual and audio modalities of financial disclosures but ignores the rich tabular data available in financial reports.
Approach: They propose to combine tabular financial data with text transcripts and audio recordings to improve stock volatility and price movement prediction by 5-12% and reduce gender bias by over 30%.
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