Challenge: Existing work on video temporal grounding for long videos is limited by existing datasets.
Approach: They propose a query-guided window selection strategy and a coarse-to-fine mechanism to speed up inference for long videos.
Outcome: The proposed framework accelerates inference time by 2x on Ego4D-NLQ and 15x on MAD while keeping SOTA results.

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Grounded-VideoLLM: Sharpening Fine-grained Temporal Grounding in Video Large Language Models (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Video Large Language Models (VLMs) have been praised for their performance in coarse-grained video understanding but still face ineffective temporal grounding and inadequate timestamp representations.
Approach: They propose a novel Video-LLM that senses and reasoned over specific video moments with fine-grained temporal precision.
Outcome: The proposed model surpasses existing models in fine-grained video understanding tasks and exhibits strong potential as a general video understanding assistant.
Datasets and Recipes for Video Temporal Grounding via Reinforcement Learning (2025.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Existing methods for video temporal grounding suffer from limited temporal awareness and poor generalization.
Approach: They propose a two-stage training framework that integrates supervised fine-tuning with reinforcement learning to improve both the accuracy and robustness of VTG models.
Outcome: The proposed training framework outperforms existing models on multiple benchmarks on open-domain and challenging scenarios.
Fine-grained Semantic Alignment Network for Weakly Supervised Temporal Language Grounding (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing weakly supervised methods for temporal language grounding lose the complexity of the video and the semantics of the sentence.
Approach: They propose a candidate-free framework for weakly supervised Temporal Language Grounding . they use a token-by-clip cross-modal semantic alignment module to learn alignment .
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art on two widely-used benchmarks: ActivityNet-Captions, and DiDeMo.
Advancing Fine-Grained Visual Understanding with Multi-Scale Alignment in Multi-Modal Models (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent advances in multi-modal large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and interaction.
Approach: They propose a method that effectively aligns and integrates multi-scale knowledge of objects . they use a pipeline that provides over 300K essential training data to enhance alignment .
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Towards Parameter-Efficient Integration of Pre-Trained Language Models In Temporal Video Grounding (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent studies have improved query inputs with pre-trained language models, but the effects of this integration are unclear.
Approach: They propose to integrate query sentences with pre-trained language models to train TVG models.
Outcome: The proposed model integrates query sentences with pre-trained language models at cost of more expensive training.
VideoStir: Understanding Long Videos via Spatio-Temporally Structured and Intent-Aware RAG (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to long videos are limited by limited context windows and flatten videos into independent segments.
Approach: They propose a structured and intent-aware long-video RAG framework that structures a video as a spatio-temporal graph and then performs multi-hop retrieval to aggregate evidence across distant yet contextually related events.
Outcome: The proposed framework is competitive with state-of-the-art baselines without auxiliary information.
FineLAP: Taming Heterogeneous Supervision for Fine-grained Language-Audio Pretraining (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing audio-language models excel at clip-level understanding but struggle with frame-level tasks.
Approach: They propose a novel training paradigm that advances both clip- and frame-level alignment in CLAP with heterogeneous data.
Outcome: The proposed training paradigm improves both clip- and frame-level alignment in CLAP with heterogeneous data.
Contrastive Video-Language Learning with Fine-grained Frame Sampling (2022.aacl-main)

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Challenge: despite recent progress in video and language representation learning, the weak or sparse correspondence between the two modalities remains a bottleneck.
Approach: They propose a fine-grained contrastive objective for video frame sampling to improve cross-modal correspondence.
Outcome: The proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on YouCookII with long videos.
Token-level Inference-Time Alignment for Vision-Language Models (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often prioritize linguistic fluency over visual fidelity . despite widespread adoption, VLMs often exhibit a critical failure mode: hallucination .
Approach: They propose a framework for Token-level Inference-Time Alignment that steers the decoding process without updating the base model parameters.
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TagSpeech: End-to-End Multi-Speaker ASR and Diarization with Fine-Grained Temporal Grounding (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: a critical ambiguity persists regarding what constitutes "joint ASR and diarization" a unified framework for multi-speaker ASR is proposed, but it is not yet clear what constitute "diarization."
Approach: They propose a unified LLM-based framework that uses Temporal Anchor Grounding for joint multi-speaker ASR and diarization.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on AMI and AliMeeting benchmarks on speaker-content alignment . the proposed framework achieves consistent improvements in Diarization Error Rate over strong baselines .

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