Challenge: Existing approaches to train pre-trained language models focus on the English language, thus widening the gap when considering low-resource languages.
Approach: They propose three versions of distilled BERT models for the Romanian language . they argue that the models offer performance comparable to their teachers .
Outcome: The proposed models perform comparable to their teachers, while being twice as fast on a GPU and 35% smaller.

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RoBERT – A Romanian BERT Model (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing pre-trained language models learn contextualized representations by using unlabeled text data and obtain state of the art results on a multitude of NLP tasks.
Approach: They propose a pre-trained BERT model for Romanian language processing and compare it with multi-lingual models on seven Romanian specific NLP tasks.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms multi-lingual models on seven Romanian specific NLP tasks on sentiment analysis, dialect and cross-dialect topic identification, and diacritics restoration.
The birth of Romanian BERT (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large-scale pretrained language models are available in high-resource languages, in particular English, or as multilingual models that compromise performance on individual languages for coverage.
Approach: They propose to use a Romanian transformer-based language model to pretrained a large text corpus to evaluate the model.
Outcome: The proposed model is open-source and can be used in production.
Patient Knowledge Distillation for BERT Model Compression (D19-1)

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Challenge: Pre-trained language models such as BERT have proven to be highly effective for natural language processing tasks, but the high demand for computing resources hinders their application in practice.
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Distilling Knowledge Learned in BERT for Text Generation (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Large-scale pre-trained language models such as BERT have revolutionized the state of the art in many language understanding tasks.
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Extremely Small BERT Models from Mixed-Vocabulary Training (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge distillation methods cannot be directly applied to train student models with reduced vocabulary and embedding dimensions.
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Enhancing Task-Specific Distillation in Small Data Regimes through Language Generation (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Large-scale pretrained language models have led to significant improvements in Natural Language Processing, but they come at the cost of high computational and storage requirements.
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TinyBERT: Distilling BERT for Natural Language Understanding (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Pre-trained language models are computationally expensive and difficult to efficiently execute on resource-restricted devices.
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Generation-Distillation for Efficient Natural Language Understanding in Low-Data Settings (D19-61)

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Challenge: Recent research points to knowledge distillation as a potential solution for NLU tasks.
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Natural Language Generation for Effective Knowledge Distillation (D19-61)

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Challenge: Knowledge distillation can transfer knowledge from deep language representation models to shallow word embedding-based neural networks.
Approach: They propose to build an unlabeled transfer dataset to enable effective knowledge transfer . they hypothesize that this principled, general approach outperforms rule-based techniques .
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BERT-EMD: Many-to-Many Layer Mapping for BERT Compression with Earth Mover’s Distance (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Pre-trained language models have been proposed and applied to many NLP tasks, yielding state-of-the-art performance, but high storage and computational costs obstruct them to be effectively deployed on resource-constrained devices and real-time applications.
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