Challenge: Existing methods for named entity recognition classify mentions into fixed set of predefined entity types but in many real-world scenarios, new entity types are incrementally involved.
Approach: They propose a two-stage framework Learn-and-Review for continual named entity recognition to alleviate inter-type confusion.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art method on CoNLL-03 and OntoNotes-5.0.

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SKD-NER: Continual Named Entity Recognition via Span-based Knowledge Distillation with Reinforcement Learning (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Continual learning for named entity recognition (CL-NER) aims to enable models to continuously learn new entity types while retaining the ability to recognize previously learned ones.
Approach: They propose a model that leverages knowledge distillation to retain memory and employs reinforcement learning strategies to optimize the soft labeling and distillation losses generated by the teacher model to effectively prevent catastrophic forgetting.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models on two benchmark datasets showing that it significantly improves the performance of the CL-NER task.
Distilling Causal Effect from Miscellaneous Other-Class for Continual Named Entity Recognition (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for Named Entity Recognition (NER) are not able to learn Other-Class in the same way as new entity types.
Approach: They propose a unified causal framework to retrieve causality from new entity types and Other-Class.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art method on three benchmark datasets.
Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Named Entity Recognition (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models of Named Entity Recognition (NER) are trained on large datasets with predefined entity classes, but data of new classes arrives constantly. Existing work on NER relies on the assumption that there exists abundance of labeled data for the training of new class.
Approach: They propose a few-shot class-incremental learning problem where NER model is trained with only few labeled samples of the new classes without forgetting knowledge of the old ones.
Outcome: The proposed model improves over existing baselines by reconstructing training data of old classes and real data from the training set.
Toward Fully Exploiting Heterogeneous Corpus:A Decoupled Named Entity Recognition Model with Two-stage Training (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental and widely used task in natural language processing.
Approach: They propose a decoupled NER model with two-stage training to take advantage of heterogeneous corpus, including dictionaries, distantly supervised instances, and human-annotated instances.
Outcome: Empirical results show that the proposed model improves against baselines and can be scaled to a large extent.
Learning “O” Helps for Learning More: Handling the Unlabeled Entity Problem for Class-incremental NER (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing Named Entity Recognition systems are typically trained on a large-scale dataset with predefined entity classes, then deployed for entity recognition on the test data without further adaptation or refinement.
Approach: They propose a representation learning method that adaptively detects entity clusters in "O" and two effective distance-based relabeling strategies for better learning the old classes.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves 10.62% improvement over the baseline methods.
Toward Recognizing More Entity Types in NER: An Efficient Implementation using Only Entity Lexicons (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing named entity recognition systems require large scale labeled data to perform, while annotation of NER data is laborious and time-consuming.
Approach: They propose to adjust an existing named entity recognition system to recognize entity types not defined in the system.
Outcome: The proposed method can be quickly adjusted to a named entity recognition system.
Learning to Progressively Recognize New Named Entities with Sequence to Sequence Models (C18-1)

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Challenge: Existing models for Named Entity Recognition (NER) are trained on data with the same NE label set, but they are not able to recognize previously unseen NE categories.
Approach: They propose to use a sequence to sequence model for Named Entity Recognition (NER) and propose to reshape and re-parametrize the output layer of the first learned model to enable the recognition of new NEs.
Outcome: The proposed model can recognize previously unseen NE categories while keeping the knowledge of previously seen categories.
Better Modeling of Incomplete Annotations for Named Entity Recognition (N19-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to named entity recognition (NER) assume that the training data is fully annotated with named entity information.
Approach: They propose a supervised setup for named entity recognition where annotated data is assumed to be available during training.
Outcome: The proposed approach is able to recognize named entities with incomplete annotations.
Reviving Iterative Refinement in Diffusion-based NER with an Initializer-Restorer Approach (2026.acl-short)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental task in Information Extraction.
Approach: They propose a generative paradigm for Named Entity Recognition by modeling NER as a boundary diffusion process.
Outcome: The proposed model performs better than baseline on ACE2004, GENIA, and CleanCoNLL.
Coarse-to-Fine Pre-training for Named Entity Recognition (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a task of discovering information entities and identifying their corresponding categories.
Approach: They propose a NER-specific framework to inject coarse-to-fine named entity knowledge into pre-trained models by using a remote supervision strategy.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves significant improvements against several pre-trained base-lines, demonstrating its effectiveness in label-few and low-resource scenarios.

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