Challenge: Existing unsupervised summarization methods fail to consider efficiency and effectiveness when the input document is extremely long.
Approach: They propose an efficient Coarse-to-Fine Facet-Aware Ranking framework for unsupervised long document summarization based on the semantic block.
Outcome: The proposed framework can achieve new state-of-the-art unsupervised summarization results on Gov-Report, billSum, arXiv, and PubMed.

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Improving Unsupervised Extractive Summarization with Facet-Aware Modeling (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing extractive summarization methods tend to select sentences within the same facet, which leads to facet bias.
Approach: They propose a facet-aware centrality-based ranking model that gives a weight to the sentence centrality score.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms baseline models on a wide range of summarization tasks and performs comparably to other models.
Facet-Aware Evaluation for Extractive Summarization (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: lexical overlap is a common evaluation metric for extractive summarization, but recent studies reveal its limitations.
Approach: They propose a facet-aware evaluation setup for better assessment of information coverage in extractive summaries.
Outcome: The proposed evaluation setup improves human correlation with extractive summarization datasets and improves comparative analysis.
RST-LoRA: A Discourse-Aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Long Document Abstractive Summarization (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to integrate rhetorical structure theory into long document summarization models are unexplored.
Approach: They propose to integrate rhetorical structure theory into a long document summarization model by explicitly incorporating rhetorical uncertainty into the model.
Outcome: The proposed models outperform the vanilla LoRA and full-parameter fine-tuning models and outperformed previous state-of-the-art methods.
Bringing Structure into Summaries: a Faceted Summarization Dataset for Long Scientific Documents (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: Faceted summarization provides briefings of a document from different perspectives.
Approach: They propose a faceted summarization benchmark built on Emerald journal articles . they propose faceted models that bring structure into faceted documents .
Outcome: The proposed benchmark is based on Emerald journal articles and covers a diverse range of domains.
Beyond Generic Summarization: A Multi-faceted Hierarchical Summarization Corpus of Large Heterogeneous Data (L18-1)

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Challenge: Automated summarization has focused on ten to twenty documents, typically news articles, but could in theory analyze hundreds of documents from a wide range of sources and provide an overview to the interested reader.
Approach: They propose a method for creating hierarchical summarization corpora from large, heterogeneous document collections by crowdsourcing relevant content and asking trained annotators to order the relevant information hierarchically.
Outcome: The proposed method can be used to develop and evaluate hierarchical summarization systems.
StructSum: Summarization via Structured Representations (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Abstractive summarization models overfit to training corpora, lack of transparency and layout bias . authors propose incorporating latent and explicit dependencies across sentences in source document .
Approach: They propose a framework based on document-level structure induction to address layout bias and lack of transparency in abstractive summarization models.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves coverage of content in the source documents and generates more abstractive summaries by generating more novel n-grams.
PerSphere: A Comprehensive Framework for Multi-Faceted Perspective Retrieval and Summarization (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Experimental results show that the main challenge lies in long context and perspective extraction.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to facilitate multi-faceted perspective retrieval and summarization . they propose measurable metrics to evaluate the comprehensiveness of the retrieval pipeline .
Outcome: The proposed system breaks free from information silos by combining two opposing claims . it can be used to extract multiple perspectives and improve performance on the platform .
Coarse-to-Fine Query Focused Multi-Document Summarization (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing work on query focused multi-document summarization relies heavily on retrieval-style methods.
Approach: They propose a query-cluster-based model which uses more accurate modules for estimating whether text segments are relevant, likely to contain an answer, and central.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms strong comparison systems on benchmark datasets across domains and query types.
SummN: A Multi-Stage Summarization Framework for Long Input Dialogues and Documents (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to handle long text are limited due to time and memory complexity and limited input lengths.
Approach: They propose a multi-stage split-then-summarize framework for long input summarization . their framework can process input text of arbitrary length by adjusting the number of stages .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing methods on three long meeting summarization datasets and on a long document summarizing dataset.
A Discourse-Aware Attention Model for Abstractive Summarization of Long Documents (N18-2)

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Challenge: Existing abstractive summarization models focus on summarizing sentences and short documents.
Approach: They propose a hierarchical encoder that models the discourse structure of a document, and an attentive discourse-aware decoder to generate the summary.
Outcome: The proposed model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art models on two large-scale datasets of scientific papers.

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