Challenge: a conversational system can learn to rank response candidates for a given dialogue context by computing similarity between their vector representations.
Approach: They propose a framework that incorporates augmented dialogue contexts into the learning objective.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing methods and is more robust to perturbations seen during inference.

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DialogueCSE: Dialogue-based Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Conventional approaches to learning sentence embeddings from dialogues employ the siamese-network for this task, but such architecture yields a large gap between training and evaluating.
Approach: They propose a dialogue-based contrastive learning approach to learn sentence embeddings from dialogues using a siamese-network.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline methods on three multi-turn dialogue datasets in terms of MAP and Spearman’s correlation measures.
Group-wise Contrastive Learning for Neural Dialogue Generation (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to training dialogue models have low diversity in open-domain contexts . prior art suggests that naive MLE objective is not effective enough .
Approach: They propose to incorporate contrastive learning into dialogue generation by using a pretrained baseline model as a reference.
Outcome: The proposed framework is suited for training a wide range of dialogue generation models with favorable performance over baseline training approaches.
Stylized Dialogue Generation with Feature-Guided Knowledge Augmentation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods synthesize pseudo data through back translation but lack guidance on target style features.
Approach: They propose a knowledge-augmented stylized dialogue generation model with a feature-guided style knowledge selection module that utilizes context and response features.
Outcome: The proposed model produces a satisfactory performance on two public benchmarks on both semantic and stylized levels.
Mix-and-Match: Scalable Dialog Response Retrieval using Gaussian Mixture Embeddings (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing approaches for dialog response retrieval embed the context-response pairs as points in the embedding space.
Approach: They propose a scalable model that can learn complex relationships between context-response pairs . they train the models by optimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the distributions induced by context-responders in the training data.
Outcome: The proposed model performs better than other embedding-based approaches on public conversation data.
DialoGPS: Dialogue Path Sampling in Continuous Semantic Space for Data Augmentation in Multi-Turn Conversations (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: a context leads to various responses, and a response answers multiple contexts.
Approach: They propose a method that augments open-domain dialogue generation from a many-to-many perspective.
Outcome: The proposed method can augment open-domain dialogue generation tasks with automatic and human evaluation.
Multi-level Adaptive Contrastive Learning for Knowledge Internalization in Dialogue Generation (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge-grounded dialogue generation models struggle with dull and repetitive outputs, a problem commonly termed as text degeneration.
Approach: They propose a framework that allows the model to "cheat" the objective by duplicating knowledge segments in a superficial pattern matching based on overlap.
Outcome: The proposed framework can be applied to a WoW dataset and shows that it works across models and decoding strategies.
Mars: Modeling Context & State Representations with Contrastive Learning for End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialog (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Empirical results show dialog context representations are more conducive to multi-turn task-oriented dialog.
Approach: They propose an end-to-end task-oriented dialog system with two contrastive learning strategies to model relationship between dialog context and belief/action state representations.
Outcome: Empirical results show that dialog context representations are more conducive to multi-turn task-oriented dialog.
Augmenting Small Data to Classify Contextualized Dialogue Acts for Exploratory Visualization (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: a new corpus of conversations is being developed to support data visualization exploration . we use data augmentation to improve our methods for dialogue act classification .
Approach: They propose to use a corpus of conversations to annotate contextualized dialogue acts . they highlight how thinking aloud affects interpretation of dialogue acts in the context .
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Dial2vec: Self-Guided Contrastive Learning of Unsupervised Dialogue Embeddings (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Dialogue embeddings are a critical prerequisite for semantically understanding dialogues.
Approach: They propose a self-guided contrastive learning approach called dial2vec that captures interaction patterns between interlocutors and leverages them to guide the learning of the embeddings corresponding to each interlocuter.
Outcome: The proposed approach achieves 8.7, 9.0, and 13.8 points absolute improvements over the strongest baseline on the three evaluation tasks respectively.
Robust Task-Oriented Dialogue Generation with Contrastive Pre-training and Adversarial Filtering (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Task-oriented dialogue models can learn non-transferable generalizations by using shortcuts in the data.
Approach: They propose a contrastive learning framework to encourage models to ignore cues and focus on generalisable patterns.
Outcome: The proposed framework performs exceptionally well on task-oriented dialogue datasets.

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