| Challenge: | Natural Language Inference (NLI) tasks require numerical understanding to perform a numerical type of inference, such as counting. |
| Approach: | They propose a logical inference system for reasoning between semi-structured tables and texts that uses logical representations as meaning representations and model checking to handle a numerical type of inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system can perform inference with numerical comparatives with tables and texts in English. |
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| Challenge: | Existing models for text understanding lack human-parity across a wide array of reasoning skills. |
| Approach: | They propose an extension of the natural language inference task to include semi-structured tabulated text . they propose a semi-structural, multi-domain and heterogeneous nature of the premises that are tables extracted from Wikipedia info-boxes. |
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Exploring the Numerical Reasoning Capabilities of Language Models: A Comprehensive Analysis on Tabular Data (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Recent benchmarks have assessed language models' numerical abilities . limitations include tokenization and representation of numbers in text, hallucination, and a lack of numerical commonsense knowledge. |
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Turning Tables: Generating Examples from Semi-structured Tables for Endowing Language Models with Reasoning Skills (2022.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large pre-trained language models struggle in tasks that require reasoning . recent work shows that they struggle in performing symbolic reasoning operations without substantial amounts of additional data. |
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Logical Natural Language Generation from Open-Domain Tables (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies on neural natural language generation focus on surface-level realizations with limited emphasis on logical inference. |
| Approach: | They propose a task where a model is tasked with generating natural language statements that can be logically entailed by facts in an open-domain semi-structured table. |
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Can NLI Models Verify QA Systems’ Predictions? (2021.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Recent question answering systems perform well on benchmark datasets, but are not always well-calibrated to spot spurious answers under distribution shifts. |
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in modeling and datasets demonstrate promising performance for NLI. |
| Approach: | They explore the direct zero-shot applicability of NLI models to real applications . they analyze the robustness of models to longer and out-of-domain inputs . |
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LogicBench: Towards Systematic Evaluation of Logical Reasoning Ability of Large Language Models (2024.acl-long)
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Mihir Parmar, Nisarg Patel, Neeraj Varshney, Mutsumi Nakamura, Man Luo, Santosh Mashetty, Arindam Mitra, Chitta Baral
| Challenge: | Existing work investigating the logical reasoning ability of large language models has focused only on a couple of inference rules of propositional and first-order logics. |
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MURMUR: Modular Multi-Step Reasoning for Semi-Structured Data-to-Text Generation (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | MURMUR generates highly faithful and correct reasoning paths that lead to 26% more logically consistent summaries on LogicNLG compared to direct prompting. |
| Approach: | They propose a neuro-symbolic modular approach to text generation from semi-structured data with multi-step reasoning that generates reasoning paths using neural and symbolic modules with specific linguistic and logical skills. |
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TabularMath: Understanding Math Reasoning over Tables with Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Mathematical reasoning has long been a key benchmark for evaluating large language models. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that transforms math word problems into scalable tabular reasoning tasks. |
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Realistic Data Augmentation Framework for Enhancing Tabular Reasoning (2022.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to constructing training data for Natural Language Inference (NLI) tasks are expensive and time consuming. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-automated framework for data augmentation for tabular inference . framework generates hypothesis templates transferable to similar tables . authors say framework could generate human-like tabular examples . |
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