Challenge: Hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) aims to assign each text document to a set of relevant classes from a taxonomy.
Approach: They propose to conduct HMTC based on only class surface names as supervision signals to mimic human experts.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms the best existing method by 25% on two challenging datasets.

Similar Papers

Instances and Labels: Hierarchy-aware Joint Supervised Contrastive Learning for Hierarchical Multi-Label Text Classification (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) ignore the correlation between similar samples and introduce noise .
Approach: They propose a semi-supervised method that uses a label hierarchy to bring text and label embeddings closer to each other by supervised contrastive learning.
Outcome: The proposed method bridges the gap between supervised contrastive learning and HMTC by bringing text and label embeddings closer.
Hierarchical Multi-label Text Classification with Horizontal and Vertical Category Correlations (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to hierarchical multi-label text classification ignore vertical category correlations or exploit dependencies across levels without considering horizontal correlations .
Approach: They propose a hierarchical multi-label text classification framework that considers both vertical and horizontal category correlations.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on real-world HMTC datasets with significant improvements over baselines.
Towards Better Hierarchical Text Classification with Data Generation (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods to improve hierarchical text classification are expensive and lack high-quality labeled data.
Approach: They propose a hierarchical text classification framework that can achieve both label controllability and text diversity by extracting high-quality hierarchic label information.
Outcome: The proposed method can achieve label controllability and text diversity by extracting high-quality hierarchical label information.
Jump To Hyperspace: Comparing Euclidean and Hyperbolic Loss Functions for Hierarchical Multi-Label Text Classification (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Hierarchical Multi-Label Text Classification (HMTC) is a challenging machine learning task . a recent study evaluated the effectiveness of Euclidean and hyperbolic loss functions on HMTC .
Approach: They evaluate label-aware and contrastive losses in the Euclidean and hyperbolic space . they find contrastive loss functions are less effective when deployed in the hyperbolical space compared to non-hyperbolic ones .
Outcome: The proposed model improves on four commonly used HMTC datasets.
Can Large Language Models Serve as Effective Classifiers for Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification of Scientific Documents at Industrial Scale? (2025.coling-industry)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in complex tasks such as multi-label classification, but the vast number of labels can exceed LLMs’ input limits.
Approach: They propose a method that integrates large language models with dense retrieval techniques to overcome these challenges.
Outcome: The proposed methods avoid frequent retraining by leveraging zero-shot and few-shot learning for real-time label assignment.
Hierarchical Label Generation for Text Classification (2023.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: None Hierarchical text classification (HTC) aims to assign the most relevant labels with their structure for a given document.
Approach: They propose a method that captures the label hierarchy for real-world classification applications by using a taxonomic hierarchy.
Outcome: The proposed method can generate unseen labels in subword level.
Utilizing Local Hierarchy with Adversarial Training for Hierarchical Text Classification (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask due to its complex taxonomic structure.
Approach: They propose a local hierarchy framework that can fit in nearly all HTC models and optimize them with the local hierarchy as auxiliary information.
Outcome: The proposed framework is effective in all scenarios and is adept at dealing with complex taxonomic hierarchies.
HiGen: Hierarchy-Aware Sequence Generation for Hierarchical Text Classification (2024.eacl-long)

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Challenge: Hierarchical text classification is a complex subtask under multi-label text classification . the relevance of document sections can vary based on the hierarchy level, necessitating a dynamic document representation.
Approach: They propose a text-generation-based framework that uses language models to encode dynamic text representations.
Outcome: The proposed framework surpasses existing methods while handling data and mitigating class imbalance.
Enhancing Hierarchical Text Classification through Knowledge Graph Integration (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to hierarchical text classification are limited by lack of domain knowledge, which leads to mistakes in a variety of situations.
Approach: They propose a Knowledge-enabled Hierarchical Text Classification model which integrates knowledge graphs into HTC to address the knowledge limitations of traditional methods.
Outcome: The proposed model integrates knowledge graphs into the hierarchical text classification process, addressing the knowledge limitations of traditional methods.
NeuralClassifier: An Open-source Neural Hierarchical Multi-label Text Classification Toolkit (P19-3)

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Challenge: NeuralClassifier is a toolkit for hierarchical multi-label text classification.
Approach: They propose a toolkit for neural hierarchical multi-label text classification . they use a variety of text encoders to implement the model .
Outcome: The proposed model achieves comparable performance with reported results in the literature.

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