Challenge: State-of-the-art Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) models for Open-domain Question Answering (QA) achieve high recall amongst top few predictions, but low overall accuracy, motivating the need for answer re-ranking.
Approach: They propose a method to make answer re-ranking successful for span-extraction tasks even beyond large pre-training.
Outcome: The proposed approach achieves 45.5% Exact Match accuracy on Natural Questions and 61.7% on TriviaQA.

Similar Papers

Enhancing Pre-Trained Generative Language Models with Question Attended Span Extraction on Machine Reading Comprehension (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Extractive Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is a challenging field in the field of Natural Language Processing.
Approach: They propose a Question-Attended Span Extraction module to address the limitations of generative approaches for extractive machine reading comprehension (MRC) . module significantly enhances performance of pre-trained generative language models, enabling them to surpass the extractive capabilities of advanced Large Language Models (LLMs)
Outcome: The QASE module surpasses state-of-the-art models in few-shot settings.
Retrieving Support to Rank Answers in Open-Domain Question Answering (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a novel question answering architecture retrieves content relevant to the combined pair . previous work on automatic claim verification has shown hallucinations .
Approach: They propose a question-answer architecture that prioritizes supporting evidence . it retrieves paragraphs that directly substantiate the correctness of a with respect to q .
Outcome: The proposed approach can be used by large language models to retrieve explanatory paragraphs that ground their reasoning.
To Answer or Not To Answer? Improving Machine Reading Comprehension Model with Span-based Contrastive Learning (2022.findings-naacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing models fail to recognize answerable questions due to subtle literal changes . MRC models are forced to perceive crucial semantic changes from slight literal differences.
Approach: They propose a span-based method of Contrastive Learning which explicitly contrasts answerable questions with their answerable counterparts at the answer span level.
Outcome: The proposed method improves baselines significantly and is an effective way to utilize generated questions.
Training a Ranking Function for Open-Domain Question Answering (N18-4)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in machine reading have inspired researchers to combine Information Retrieval with machine reading to tackle open-domain QA.
Approach: They propose two neural network rankers that assign scores to different passages based on their likelihood of containing the answer to a given question.
Outcome: The proposed models achieve human level performance in open-domain QA compared to reading comprehension-style QA because it is difficult to retrieve the pieces of paragraphs that contain the answer to the question.
Reader-Guided Passage Reranking for Open-Domain Question Answering (2021.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Current open-domain question answering systems follow a Retriever-Reader architecture . current systems do not use a reranker, which reranked passages based on top predictions of the reader .
Approach: They propose a reader-guIDEd reranking method that reranked passages based on top predictions . they show that RIDER achieves 10 to 20 absolute gains in top-1 retrieval accuracy .
Outcome: The proposed method achieves 10 to 20 gains in top-1 retrieval accuracy and 1 to 4 Exact Match gains without training.
Retrieve, Read, Rerank: Towards End-to-End Multi-Document Reading Comprehension (P19-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to answer reading comprehension tasks are inefficient since the input is re-encoded within each module.
Approach: They propose a unified question answering model that combines context retrieving, reading comprehension, and answer reranking to predict the final answer.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the baseline model and achieves state-of-the-art results on two versions of TriviaQA and two variants of SQuAD.
You Only Need One Model for Open-domain Question Answering (2022.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent approaches to Open-domain Question Answering use external knowledge bases, but have separate parameters and are weakly-coupled during training.
Approach: They propose to use a single question answering model trained end-to-end to retrieve external knowledge and rerank passages with a separate reranked model.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the previous state-of-the-art model by 1.0 and 0.7 exact match scores on the Natural Questions and TriviaQA open datasets.
R2-D2: A Modular Baseline for Open-Domain Question Answering (2021.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Using extractive and generative reader, we demonstrate its strength across three open-domain QA datasets: NaturalQuestions, TriviaQA and EfficientQA.
Approach: They propose a four-stage open-domain QA pipeline with a retriever, passage reranker, extractive reader, generative reader and a mechanism that aggregates the final prediction from all system’s components.
Outcome: The proposed pipeline outperforms state-of-the-art on three open-domain QA datasets and is twice as effective as the posterior averaging ensemble of the same models with different parameters.
Expand, Rerank, and Retrieve: Query Reranking for Open-Domain Question Answering (2023.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Empirically, EAR improves top-5/20 accuracy by 3-8 and 5-10 points . dense retrievers are limited by their inability to perform semantic matching for relevant passages that have low lexical overlap with the query.
Approach: They propose a query expansion and reranking approach for improving passage retrieval with the application to open-domain question answering.
Outcome: Empirically, EAR improves top-5/20 accuracy by 3-8 and 5-10 points when compared to a vanilla query expansion model and a dense retrieval model.
Open-Domain Question Answering (2020.acl-tutorials)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research in open-domain question answering (QA)
Approach: tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research in open-domain question answering . focus will shift to cutting- edge models proposed for open- domain QA .
Outcome: The tutorial will cover cutting-edge research in open-domain question answering (QA) it will cover two-stage retriever-reader approaches, dense retriever and end-to-end training, and retriever free methods .

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations