Challenge: Zero-shot cross-lingual information extraction (IE) is a technique for training data in a source language but not in .
Approach: They explore techniques including data projection and self-training to improve zero-shot cross-lingual information extraction (IE) IE is a construction of an IE model for some target language given existing annotations exclusively in English.
Outcome: The proposed techniques show that they perform better than any single strategy.

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Make the Best of Cross-lingual Transfer: Evidence from POS Tagging with over 100 Languages (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing studies on cross-lingual generalisability of large pre-trained models use English training data and test data in unseen languages.
Approach: They propose to use multilingual pre-trained models to model cross-lingual transfer in a selection of target languages.
Outcome: The proposed model can be used to improve cross-lingual transfer performance in low-resource languages with no labeled training data.
A Simple and Effective Method to Improve Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing zero-shot cross-lingual transfer methods rely on parallel corpora or bilingual dictionaries . however, its effect is limited by the gap between embedding clusters of different languages .
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Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Semantic Parsing (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Recent work in cross-lingual semantic parsing assumes access to high-quality machine translation systems and word alignment tools.
Approach: They propose a multi-task encoder-decoder model to transfer parsing knowledge to additional languages using only English-logical form paired data and in-domain natural language corpora.
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CrossAligner & Co: Zero-Shot Transfer Methods for Task-Oriented Cross-lingual Natural Language Understanding (2022.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Task-oriented personal assistants enable people to interact with devices and services using natural language.
Approach: They propose a method to acquire task knowledge in a high-resource language and then transfer it to the low-resourced language(s) they use unlabelled parallel data to perform a quantitative analysis of the methods.
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Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Opinion Target Extraction (N19-1)

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Challenge: Aspect-based sentiment analysis involves the recognition of opinion target expressions . supervised learning algorithms are usually employed to extract OTEs from text .
Approach: They propose a zero-shot cross-lingual approach for the extraction of opinion target expressions . they leverage multilingual word embeddings that share a common vector space across languages .
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Multilingual Generative Language Models for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Event Argument Extraction (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models for zero-shot cross-lingual event argument extraction are based on pre-trained generative language models.
Approach: They propose to use pre-trained generative language models to generate sentences that fill in a template with arguments extracted from the input passage.
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Frustratingly Simple but Surprisingly Strong: Using Language-Independent Features for Zero-shot Cross-lingual Semantic Parsing (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing training data is limited for languages other than English, so is the performance of the developed parsers.
Approach: They propose to apply a pre-trained multilingual model to Italian, German and Dutch parsers where only a small number of manually annotated parses are available.
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Zero-Shot Information Extraction as a Unified Text-to-Triple Translation (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: a number of information extraction tasks require task-specific training.
Approach: They propose a text-to-triple translation framework for information extraction tasks . they propose enabling task-agnostic translation by leveraging latent knowledge of a pre-trained language model .
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Zero-shot Cross-lingual Transfer With Learned Projections Using Unlabeled Target-Language Data (2023.acl-short)

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Challenge: Zero-shot cross-lingual transfer is enabled by pairing the language adapter in the target language with an appropriate task adapter within a source language.
Approach: They propose to use unlabeled text to enhance zero-shot transfer by pairing language adapters with task adapters in a target language.
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Zero-Shot Dependency Parsing with Worst-Case Aware Automated Curriculum Learning (2022.acl-short)

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Challenge: Large multilingual pretrained language models such as mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa have been found to be effective for cross-lingual transfer of syntactic parsing models but only between related languages.
Approach: They propose to use multi-task learning to dynamically optimize for parsing performance on outlier languages by using a multi-level learning approach.
Outcome: The proposed method significantly outperforms uniform and size-proportional sampling in the zero-shot setting.

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