BERTAC: Enhancing Transformer-based Language Models with Adversarially Pretrained Convolutional Neural Networks (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing models of NLP are fading away, but new ones are needed to maintain their dominance. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to pretrain a CNN using Wikipedia data and integrate it with standard TLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms the original ALBERT on GLUE tasks and achieves similar performance to SOTA on open-domain QA tasks. |
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Syntax-BERT: Improving Pre-trained Transformers with Syntax Trees (2021.eacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Pre-trained language models like BERT achieve superior performances in various NLP tasks without explicit consideration of syntactic information. |
| Approach: | They propose a plug-and-play framework that incorporates syntax trees into pre-trained Transformers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves on pre-trained models on natural language understanding datasets and shows that it can be used to train pre-structured neural networks. |
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding (N19-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing language representation models pre-train deep bidirectional representations from unlabeled text without significant task-specific architecture modifications. |
| Approach: | They propose a language representation model that pre-trains bidirectional representations from unlabeled text by jointly conditioning on both left and right context in all layers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art results on eleven natural language processing tasks, pushing the GLUE score to 80.5 (7.7 point absolute improvement), MultiNLI accuracy to 86.7% (4.6% absolute improvement) |
Compressing Large-Scale Transformer-Based Models: A Case Study on BERT (2021.tacl-1)
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Prakhar Ganesh, Yao Chen, Xin Lou, Mohammad Ali Khan, Yin Yang, Hassan Sajjad, Preslav Nakov, Deming Chen, Marianne Winslett
| Challenge: | Popular pre-trained Transformers have improved performance for various NLP tasks by sizable margins, but are too resource-hungry and computation-intensive to suit low-capacity devices or applications with strict latency requirements. |
| Approach: | They present a literature review of the compression of Transformers, focusing on the popular BERT model, which has attracted considerable research attention. |
| Outcome: | The proposed models improve Sentiment analysis, paraphrase detection, machine reading comprehension, question answering, text summarization, and other tasks by sizable margins. |
Taming Pre-trained Language Models with N-gram Representations for Low-Resource Domain Adaptation (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to train pre-trained models require domain-specific data and computational resources. |
| Approach: | They propose a domain-aware N-gram Adaptor to incorporate unseen and domain-specific words into a generic pretrained model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can improve on eight low-resource tasks using limited data with lower computational costs. |
Life after BERT: What do Other Muppets Understand about Language? (2022.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing pre-trained transformer analysis studies focus on one or two model families at a time, overlooking the variability of the architecture and pre-training objectives. |
| Approach: | They utilize oLMpics bench- mark and psycholinguistic probing datasets for a diverse set of 29 models including T5, BART, and ALBERT. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model fails to resolve compositional questions in a zero-shot fashion, suggesting that pre-training objectives are not predictive of a model’s linguistic capabilities. |
A Primer in BERTology: What We Know About How BERT Works (2020.tacl-1)
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| Challenge: | a new study examines the current state of knowledge about the BERT model . the model is a stack of transformer encoder layers that are based on multiple self-attention ''heads'' |
| Approach: | They present a survey of over 150 studies of the popular Transformer-based model BERT . they discuss the current state of knowledge about how BERT works and how it is represented . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model is based on the Transformer-based model with state-of-the-art results . the proposed model has little cognitive motivation and is too small to perform ablation studies . |
On the use of BERT for Neural Machine Translation (D19-56)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies on using pretrained language models for supervised NMT have not been successful. |
| Approach: | They propose to integrate BERT pretrained models with supervised NMT models by using monolingual data. |
| Outcome: | The proposed models improve translation quality in English-German, English-Russian and IWSLT14 datasets. |
Robust Transfer Learning with Pretrained Language Models through Adapters (2021.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to transfer learning with pretrained transformer-based language models are not robust and can be adversarial. |
| Approach: | They propose a simple yet effective adapter-based approach to fine-tune language models on downstream tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach improves stability and adversarial robustness in transfer learning to various downstream tasks. |
Stress Test Evaluation of Transformer-based Models in Natural Language Understanding Tasks (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing models are weak and take advantage of failures and errors in datasets to improve performance. |
| Approach: | They evaluate three Transformer-based models in Natural Language Inference and Question Answering tasks to see if they are more robust or have the same flaws as their predecessors. |
| Outcome: | The proposed models outperform recurrent neural network models to stress tests on both NLI and QA tasks. |
Are Pretrained Convolutions Better than Pretrained Transformers? (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent research has shown promise in entirely convolutional, or CNN, architectures, but they have not been explored using the pre-train-fine-tune paradigm. |
| Approach: | They propose to use the pre-train-fine-tune paradigm to study convolutional models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed architectures outperform Transformers in certain scenarios, but with caveats. |