Challenge: Current probing methods can help to better estimate the complexity of learning, but not build a foundation for speculations about the nature of the linguistic structure encoded in the learned representations.
Approach: They propose to use token embeddings to test whether probing tasks contain linguistic structure . they argue that current probing methods do not provide enough information to support this hypothesis .
Outcome: The proposed method can be scrutinized and proves that representations encode linguistic structure even without additional linguistic structures.

Similar Papers

Probing the Probing Paradigm: Does Probing Accuracy Entail Task Relevance? (2021.eacl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Neural models have established state-of-the-art performance on several NLP benchmarks, but little is understood about the mechanisms by which they operate.
Approach: They examine the probing paradigm through a set of controlled synthetic tasks and show that pretrained word embeddings play a considerable role in encoding these properties rather than the training task itself.
Outcome: The proposed model can encode linguistic properties above chance-level even when distributed in the data as random noise, reversing the interpretation of absolute claims on probing tasks.
Spying on Your Neighbors: Fine-grained Probing of Contextual Embeddings for Information about Surrounding Words (2020.acl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a suite of probing tasks test contextual embeddings for encoding of information about surrounding words . authors: little is known about what information embeddables encode about the context words encode . a recent study shows that contextual embeds can be powerful for many tasks .
Approach: They propose probing tasks that enable fine-grained testing of contextual embeddings . they examine popular contextual encoders and find that each encodes contextual information across tokens a little different .
Outcome: The proposed probing tasks show that word embeddings encode information about words . the tests show that the encoded information is encoded across tokens with near-perfect recoverability .
What you can cram into a single $&!#* vector: Probing sentence embeddings for linguistic properties (P18-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a lack of understanding of the properties of sentence embeddings is limiting the use of the techniques.
Approach: They propose 10 probing tasks designed to capture simple linguistic features of sentences . they use three different encoders to train embeddings in eight different ways .
Outcome: The proposed tasks capture key linguistic features of sentences, but they are difficult to infer from them.
Probing Linguistic Features of Sentence-Level Representations in Neural Relation Extraction (2020.acl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Neural relation extraction models capture linguistic and semantic properties of the input, a recent study shows.
Approach: They introduce 14 probing tasks targeting linguistic properties relevant to RE . they add contextualized word representations to enhance probing performance .
Outcome: The proposed models achieve state-of-the-art on two datasets, TACRED and SemEval 2010 Task 8 . they show that the models capture linguistic and semantic properties relevant to the downstream task .
Probing Representations for Document-level Event Extraction (2023.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Document-level information extraction tasks require a more comprehensive understanding that often extends to the entire input document.
Approach: They propose to use probing to analyze document-level information extraction representations by embedding probes into a standard dataset.
Outcome: The proposed models improve argument detections but struggle with document length and cross-sentence discourse.
Probing for Constituency Structure in Neural Language Models (2022.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Using standard probing techniques, we examine whether contextual neural language models implicitly learn syntactic structure.
Approach: They investigate to which extent contextual neural language models implicitly learn syntactic structure.
Outcome: The proposed model is able to represent constituents of different categories within the neuron activations of a LM such as RoBERTa with high performance even on manipulated data.
Exploring the Role of BERT Token Representations to Explain Sentence Probing Results (2021.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent studies have focused on enhancing existing models with the primary objective of improving downstream performance on various NLP tasks.
Approach: They propose to use BERT to encode meaningful knowledge in token representations to explain probing results.
Outcome: The proposed model can detect syntactic and semantic abnormalities and distinguish between grammatical number and tense subspaces.
A Tale of a Probe and a Parser (2020.acl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: researchers train supervised models to extract linguistic structure from output of another model . supervised model can be used to perform tasks such as part-of-speech tags or dependency trees .
Approach: They compare a structural probe to a more traditional parser with a lightweight parameterisation.
Outcome: The structural probe outperforms a traditional parser on seven of nine languages . the researchers found that the model outperformed the parsers by 11.1 points .
Asking without Telling: Exploring Latent Ontologies in Contextual Representations (2020.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work on model analysis indicates that they may learn a lot about linguistic structure, including part of speech, syntax, word sense, and more.
Approach: They introduce latent subclass learning, a modification to classifier-based probing that induces a latent categorization (or ontology) of the probe’s inputs.
Outcome: The proposed model induces a latent categorization (or ontology) of the probe’s inputs without access to fine-grained gold labels.
A Non-Linear Structural Probe (2021.naacl-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Probing is a method of investigating the encoding of knowledge in contextual representations.
Approach: They propose to kernelize a metric and develop a non-linear variant with an identical number of parameters by using a kernel-based probe.
Outcome: The proposed probe learns only linear transformations and achieves statistically significant performance improvement over baseline in all languages.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations