Challenge: a lack of intermediate supervision makes learning difficult for complex compositional reading comprehension datasets . lack of supervision makes the learning difficult, leading to the lack of correct latent reasoning steps.
Approach: They propose to collect intermediate reasoning supervision along with the final answer during data collection . they find that this helps combat some of the biases introduced during the data collection process .
Outcome: The use of intermediate reasoning supervision improves model performance for complex compositional datasets.

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Challenge: Existing work on decompositions of complex questions has focused on multi-step reasoning . but, in machine reading, it is unclear when decomposing is helpful .
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Intermediate-Task Transfer Learning with Pretrained Language Models: When and Why Does It Work? (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Unsupervised pretraining has recently pushed the state of the art on many natural language understanding tasks.
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Paired Examples as Indirect Supervision in Latent Decision Models (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: a new method to learn compositional structured models is needed . end-task supervision provides only a weak indirect signal on values the latent decisions should take.
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What to Learn, and How: Toward Effective Learning from Rationales (2022.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Increasing interest in learning from rationales has led to the use of human-annotated explanations to inject useful inductive biases into models.
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SAIS: Supervising and Augmenting Intermediate Steps for Document-Level Relation Extraction (2022.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for relation extraction only implicitly learn to model relevant contexts and entity types while being trained for RE.
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Weakly- and Semi-supervised Evidence Extraction (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods to combine evidence annotations with document labels are limited to a minority of training examples.
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A Few More Examples May Be Worth Billions of Parameters (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent work on few-shot learning for natural language tasks explores the dynamics of scaling up either the number of model parameters or labeled examples while controlling for the other variable by setting it to a constant.
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Partial Or Complete, That’s The Question (N19-1)

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Challenge: Existing annotation schemes aim at acquiring completely annotated structures, but partial annotations can be costly and hinder learning.
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Separating Retention from Extraction in the Evaluation of End-to-end Relation Extraction (2021.emnlp-main)

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Why Machine Reading Comprehension Models Learn Shortcuts? (2021.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing studies show that many MRC models learn shortcuts to outwit benchmarks, but the performance is unsatisfactory in real-world applications.
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