Challenge: Existing work on teaching machines to ask questions focused on generating fixed answers.
Approach: They propose a model to generate open-answered questions from real-world news for open discussion . they analyze how language use affects the number of answers .
Outcome: The proposed model generates questions with higher quality than most text generation methods.

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ParaQG: A System for Generating Questions and Answers from Paragraphs (D19-3)

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Challenge: Automated question generation systems generate questions from sentences and paragraphs . manual generation of questions is labour-intensive as it requires reading, parsing and understanding of long passages of text.
Approach: They propose a web-based system for generating questions from sentences and paragraphs . paraQG provides an interactive interface for a user to select answers with visual insights .
Outcome: The proposed system generates questions from sentences and paragraphs on a web-based platform.
Ask To The Point: Open-Domain Entity-Centric Question Generation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: *entity-centric question generation (ECQG) is a task motivated by real-world applications such as topic-specific learning, assisted reading, and fact-checking.
Approach: They propose a PLM-based framework GenCONE with two modules: content focusing and question verification.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms baselines and is effective and complementary in generating high-quality questions.
Evaluating Rewards for Question Generation Models (N19-1)

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Challenge: Recent approaches to question generation have used modifications to a Seq2Seq architecture inspired by advances in machine translation.
Approach: They propose to use a Seq2Seq architecture to train models to generate one-step-ahead predictions, but at test time, the model is asked to generate a whole sequence, causing errors to propagate through the generation process.
Outcome: The proposed model is trained to generate a plausible question, conditioned on an input document and answer span within that document.
I already said that! Degenerating redundant questions in open-domain dialogue systems. (2023.acl-srw)

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Challenge: Neural text generation models have been successful in short open-domain conversations, but their performance degrades significantly in the long term.
Approach: They propose a method to generate training data without crowdsourcing . they adapt negative training, decoding, and classification methods to mitigate redundancy problem .
Outcome: The proposed method reduces the rate of redundant questions from 27.2% to 8.7% while improving the quality of the original model.
SkillQG: Learning to Generate Question for Reading Comprehension Assessment (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing question generation systems focus on the literal nature of questions and rarely consider comprehension types of the generated questions.
Approach: They propose a question generation framework with controllable comprehension types for machine reading comprehension models.
Outcome: Empirical results show that SkillQG outperforms baselines in quality, relevance, and skill-controllability while showing a performance boost in downstream question answering task.
KHANQ: A Dataset for Generating Deep Questions in Education (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing QG datasets are not suitable for educational question generation because the questions are not real questions asked by humans during learning.
Approach: They propose a dataset for question generation that contains 1,034 high-quality learner-generated questions seeking an in-depth understanding of the taught online courses in Khan Academy.
Outcome: The proposed dataset contains 1,034 high-quality learner-generated questions seeking an in-depth understanding of the taught online courses in Khan Academy.
MixQG: Neural Question Generation with Mixed Answer Types (2022.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Existing neural question generation approaches focus on short factoid type of answers.
Approach: They propose a neural question generator that trains a single generative model by combining multiple question types with different answer types.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models in both seen and unseen domains and can generate questions with different cognitive levels when conditioned on different answer types.
CONSISTENT: Open-Ended Question Generation From News Articles (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent work on question generation has largely focused on factoid questions such as who, what, where, when about basic facts.
Approach: They propose an end-to-end system for generating openended questions that are answerable from and faithful to the input text.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models and can be used in news media organizations.
Modeling What-to-ask and How-to-ask for Answer-unaware Conversational Question Generation (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to generate conversational question are naive and do not account for the answer span.
Approach: They propose a framework for generating a conversational question from a context.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art in two different settings compared to existing models . it uses a sentence as the rationale and extracts the answer span from it .
Active Listening: Personalized Question Generation in Open-Domain Social Conversation with User Model Based Prompting (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing work shows that users of conversational systems want a more personalized experience . Question Generation tasks focus on factual questions from textual excerpts .
Approach: They hypothesize that conversational systems want a more personalized experience . they use large language models capable of casual conversation to generate PQs .
Outcome: The proposed model produces the most natural and engaging responses against competing models.

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