| Challenge: | Modern Hebrew lacks lexical resources fundamental to many natural language processing tools. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for generating a cooccurrence based thesaurus in a MRL and a distributional similarity method for Hebrew. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method is not optimal for modern Hebrew, the authors show . they used Hebrew WordNet as their gold standard for the analysis . |
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What’s Wrong with Hebrew NLP? And How to Make it Right (D19-3)
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| Challenge: | Sub-optimal performance of many morphologically rich languages (MRLs) is due to errors in early morphology disambiguation decisions, that cannot be recovered later on in the pipeline, yielding incoherent annotations on the whole. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a joint morpho-syntactic infrastructure for processing Modern Hebrew texts to provide rich and expressive annotations. |
| Outcome: | The proposed pipelines are based on a morpho-syntactic infrastructure for processing Modern Hebrew texts. |
Multilingual Sequence-to-Sequence Models for Hebrew NLP (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Recent work on pretrained language models for Hebrew is under-parameterized and under-trained . previous work on pretraining Hebrew LMs focused on encoder-only architectures . |
| Approach: | They propose to use sequence-to-sequence generative architectures to train large LMs in morphologically rich languages such as Hebrew. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves on all existing Hebrew NLP benchmarks. |
A Universal Dependencies Treebank of Ancient Hebrew (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Using a rule-based parser, we construct a treebank with morphological annotations of Ancient Hebrew . the Hebrew Scriptures are a collection of 39 books written in the first millennium BC in Ancient Hebrew. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a Universal Dependencies treebank with morphological annotations of Ancient Hebrew for comparative study with ancient translations and analysis of Hebrew syntax. |
| Outcome: | The proposed treebank can be used in comparative study with ancient translations and analysis of Hebrew syntax. |
Do Pretrained Contextual Language Models Distinguish between Hebrew Homograph Analyses? (2023.eacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Semitic morphologically-rich languages are characterized by extreme word ambiguity . many of the words are homographs with multiple possible analyses . |
| Approach: | They evaluate existing models for Hebrew homographs using word-piece embeddings . they find they are more effective when the number of word-part splits is limited . |
| Outcome: | The proposed models outperform non-contextualized embeddings on Hebrew homograph challenge sets. |
HeQ: a Large and Diverse Hebrew Reading Comprehension Benchmark (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Current benchmarks for Hebrew Natural Language Processing (NLP) focus mainly on morpho-syntactic tasks, neglecting the semantic dimension of language understanding. |
| Approach: | They propose to use Hebrew machine reading comprehension (MRC) as extractive Question Answering to address this problem. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark features 30,147 question-answer pairs derived from both Hebrew Wikipedia articles and Israeli tech news. |
Learning Morphosyntactic Analyzers from the Bible via Iterative Annotation Projection across 26 Languages (P19-1)
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| Challenge: | Currently, computational tools for low-resource languages are limited by a lack of supervised training data. |
| Approach: | They propose to use English taggers and parsers to project morphological information onto translations of the Bible in 26 different test languages. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reduces lemmatization and morphological analysis over a strong initial system. |
A Novel Challenge Set for Hebrew Morphological Disambiguation and Diacritics Restoration (2020.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | morphological parsers face a formidable challenge with unbalanced ambiguities in homographs . case of unbalanciated ambiguity is difficult to disambiguate, especially in cases of unbalancing . a new dataset improves the overall average F1 score for Hebrew homograph . |
| Approach: | They propose a challenge set for Hebrew homographs with substantial attestation of each analysis of 21 Hebrew homographies. |
| Outcome: | The proposed set improves the average F1 score for Hebrew homographs by 0.67 . the annotated datasets are made publicly available for further research. |
A Survey on Automatically-Constructed WordNets and their Evaluation: Lexical and Word Embedding-based Approaches (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | WordNets are lexical databases in which groups of synonyms are stored according to the semantic relationships between them. |
| Approach: | This paper describes various approaches to constructing WordNets automatically by leveraging traditional lexical resources and newer trends such as word embeddings. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods leverage traditional lexical resources and newer trends such as word embeddings to build and evaluate WordNets. |
A Classifier of Word-Level Variants in Witnesses of Biblical Hebrew Manuscripts (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | a strong classifier (F1 value of 0.80) is trained to predict the category of difference between word pairs as present in collated (aligned) pairs of witnesses. |
| Approach: | The project is based on the relationship between available witnesses of biblical Hebrew and a strong classifier (F1 value of 0.80) is trained to predict the category of difference between word pairs as present in collated pairs of witnesses. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model is non-neural and uses part-of-speech tags, hand-crafted rules per category and synthetically derived data. |
Representations and Architectures in Neural Sentiment Analysis for Morphologically Rich Languages: A Case Study from Modern Hebrew (C18-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing sentiment analyzers for MRLs that use tokens and morpheme-based representations have no empirically studied effects of representation choices on neural sentiment analysis. |
| Approach: | They develop a sentiment analysis benchmark for Hebrew based on 12K social media comments and provide two instances of data. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmarks show that representation choices have measurable effects on task perfromance and that they vary depending on architecture type. |