UniRAG: Universal Retrieval Augmentation for Large Vision Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have unlocked many complex use cases that require Multi-Modal (MM) understanding and MM generation. |
| Approach: | They propose a plug-and-play technique that adds relevant retrieved information to prompts as few-shot examples during inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method significantly improves the output quality of large vision language models when input prompts are augmented with relevant information retrieved by Vision-Language retrievers like UniRAG. |
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UniRAG: Unified Query Understanding Method for Retrieval Augmented Generation (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing query augmentation methods face knowledge update lag and hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) Existing methods face two key challenges: (1) separation of query augmented and encoding tasks, which hinders information sharing and introduces cumulative errors; (2) difficulty of selecting optimal augmentation strategy for different scenarios. |
| Approach: | They propose a unified framework for query understanding in RAG that integrates internal and external knowledge to enhance query augmentation and encoding tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms traditional query augmentation methods in five knowledge-intensive benchmark tasks in both closed and open domain question answering. |
Retrieval-Augmented Retrieval: Large Language Models are Strong Zero-Shot Retriever (2024.findings-acl)
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Tao Shen, Guodong Long, Xiubo Geng, Chongyang Tao, Yibin Lei, Tianyi Zhou, Michael Blumenstein, Daxin Jiang
| Challenge: | Large-scale retrieval is indispensable in information-seeking tasks such as open-domain question answering and knowledgegrounded dialogue. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a large language model (LLM) to augment a query with its potential answers by prompting LLMs with a composition of the query and the query’s in-domain candidates. |
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Generation-Augmented Retrieval: Rethinking the Role of Large Language Models in Zero-Shot Relation Extraction (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in Relation Extraction (RE) emphasize Zero-Shot methodologies, aiming to recognize unseen relations between entities with no annotated data. |
| Approach: | They propose a plug-in retrieval adjuster that allows rapid fine-tuning without accessing LLMs’ parameters. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model demonstrates comparable performance on multiple benchmarks. |
Augmentation-Adapted Retriever Improves Generalization of Language Models as Generic Plug-In (2023.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Prior work on retrieval augmentation fine-tuned the retriever and the LM, making them closely coupled. |
| Approach: | They propose a generic retrieval plug-in that can be used to fine-tune retrieval augmentation and a LM to learn a user's preferences. |
| Outcome: | The proposed retriever improves the generalization of large language models on the MMLU and PopQA datasets by learning LM’s preferences from a known source LM . |
UniFashion: A Unified Vision-Language Model for Multimodal Fashion Retrieval and Generation (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | e-commerce tasks such as multimodal retrieval and multimodal generation are largely ignored due to the diversity of the multimodal fashion domain. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates image generation with retrieval and text generation tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art models across fashion tasks. |
Self-Rewarding Large Vision-Language Models for Optimizing Prompts in Text-to-Image Generation (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for rewriting text-to-image models require specialized vocabulary . a new approach uses large vision language models to optimize text-based models . |
| Approach: | They propose a prompt optimization framework that rephrases a user prompt into a text-to-image model by using large vision language models as solver and reward model. |
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UPRISE: Universal Prompt Retrieval for Improving Zero-Shot Evaluation (2023.emnlp-main)
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Daixuan Cheng, Shaohan Huang, Junyu Bi, Yuefeng Zhan, Jianfeng Liu, Yujing Wang, Hao Sun, Furu Wei, Weiwei Deng, Qi Zhang
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities but need for task-specific prompt engineering can hinder their generalization. |
| Approach: | They propose a lightweight and versatile retriever that automatically retrieves prompts for a given zero-shot task input. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model is universally applicable across tasks and models . it mitigates hallucination problem in chatGPT, and it improves even the strongest LLMs. |
Re-ViLM: Retrieval-Augmented Visual Language Model for Zero and Few-Shot Image Captioning (2023.findings-emnlp)
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Zhuolin Yang, Wei Ping, Zihan Liu, Vijay Korthikanti, Weili Nie, De-An Huang, Linxi Fan, Zhiding Yu, Shiyi Lan, Bo Li, Mohammad Shoeybi, Ming-Yu Liu, Yuke Zhu, Bryan Catanzaro, Chaowei Xiao, Anima Anandkumar
| Challenge: | Existing methods for image-to-text generation store all knowledge within parameters, thus requiring computational-expensive fine-tuning. |
| Approach: | They propose a Retrieval-augmented Visual Language Model that stores all the knowledge within parameters and can be used to retrieve it from the external database. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model significantly boosts performance for image-to-text generation tasks with 4x less parameters compared with baseline methods. |
VLIS: Unimodal Language Models Guide Multimodal Language Generation (2023.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing vision-language models face challenges in tasks that require complex linguistic understanding. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that combines visual conditioning and linguistic understanding of unimodal text-only language models without further training to improve vision-language models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves vision-language models on diverse tasks including commonsense understanding and complex text generation. |
Embedding-Informed Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation of Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Retrieval-augmented large language models excel in various NLP tasks but are not always helpful when the knowledge required is absent in the model. |
| Approach: | They propose to determine whether the model is knowledgeable on a query via inspecting the (contextualized) pre-trained token embeddings of LLMs. |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that the proposed approach performs better than previous approaches on various benchmarks. |