Challenge: Clinical trials are expensive and time-consuming, and accurate trial prediction is key to advancing medical treatments.
Approach: They propose a framework that combines reasoning capabilities of large language models with the explainability of classical machine learning to generate, evaluate, and refine tabular features without human input.
Outcome: The proposed framework performs better than SOTA methods on clinical trial prediction tasks within a limited number of iterations.

Similar Papers

Towards Adapting Open-Source Large Language Models for Expert-Level Clinical Note Generation (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Proprietary Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in clinical text summarization tasks.
Approach: They propose a domain- and task-specific adaptation process for an open-source LLaMA-2 model . LLama-2 can generate high-quality clinical notes from outpatient patient-doctor dialogues .
Outcome: The proposed model can generate clinical notes comparable to those authored by physicians.
An Efficient Retrieval-Based Method for Tabular Prediction with LLM (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for tabular prediction rely on extensive pre-training or fine-tuning of LLMs . a retrieval-based approach eliminates the need for training any modules or performing data augmentation .
Approach: They propose a retrieval-based approach that utilizes the powerful capabilities of large language models in representation, comprehension, and inference.
Outcome: The proposed method exhibits strong predictive performance on tabular prediction task, affirming its practicality and effectiveness.
Beyond Label Attention: Transparency in Language Models for Automated Medical Coding via Dictionary Learning (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Current efforts in interpretability of medical coding rely heavily on label attention mechanisms, which often leads to the highlighting of extraneous tokens irrelevant to the ICD code.
Approach: They propose to leverage dictionary learning to extract sparsely activated representations from dense language models embedded in superposition to facilitate accurate interpretability.
Outcome: The proposed model extracts sparsely activated representations from dense language models in superposition, even when the highlighted tokens are medically irrelevant.
Predicting Clinical Trial Results by Implicit Evidence Integration (2020.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Clinical trials are expensive and time-consuming, and inappropriately designed studies can be devastating in a pandemic.
Approach: They propose a model that takes a PICO-formatted clinical trial proposal and predicts the outcome from it.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline models on a benchmark dataset with 10.7% relative gain over BioBERT.
MLCopilot: Unleashing the Power of Large Language Models in Solving Machine Learning Tasks (2024.eacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to automating ML are time-consuming and difficult to understand for human developers.
Approach: They propose a framework that leverages large language models to develop ML solutions for novel tasks.
Outcome: The proposed framework bridges the gap between machine intelligence and human knowledge by exploiting state-of-the-art large language models.
Towards Interpretable Tabular Reasoning: Enhancing LLM Reasoning on Tabular Data with Pre-Constructed Logic Graph (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Tabular data is used in fields such as finance and healthcare due to its heterogeneity and complexity.
Approach: They propose a Logic-Graph-Enhanced LLM Reasoning framework that integrates the strengths of tree-based models and LLMs to improve their interpretability.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms tree-based models and state-of-the-art LLMs on tabular prediction tasks, achieving superior accuracy and interpretability.
NLI4CT: Multi-Evidence Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trial Reports (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Clinical trial reports (CTRs) are indispensable for the development of personalized medicine.
Approach: They propose a resource to help researchers interpret clinical trial reports . they use natural language inference to compute textual entailment .
Outcome: The proposed resource is the first to cover interpretation of full clinical trial reports . it includes tasks to determine inference relation between natural language statements and CTRs .
Inferring Which Medical Treatments Work from Reports of Clinical Trials (N19-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Ideally, one would consult all available evidence from relevant clinical trials. however, these results are primarily disseminated in natural language scientific articles.
Approach: They propose a task that involves inferring results from a full-text article describing randomized controlled trials with respect to a given intervention, comparator, and outcome of interest.
Outcome: The proposed task consists of 10,000+ prompts coupled with full-text articles describing randomized controlled trials.
AutoForest: Automatically Generating Forest Plots from Biomedical Studies with End-to-End Evidence Extraction and Synthesis (2026.acl-demo)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing systems that generate publication-ready forest plots from biomedical papers are fragmented and time-consuming.
Approach: They propose a system that generates publication-ready forest plots directly from biomedical papers . autoforest automatically suggests ICO elements, extracts outcome data and performs statistical synthesis . authors demonstrate how the system can accelerate evidence synthesis and lower the barrier to conducting meta-analyses .
Outcome: The proposed system accelerates evidence synthesis and lowers the barrier to meta-analyses.
Legal Judgment Reimagined: PredEx and the Rise of Intelligent AI Interpretation in Indian Courts (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Prediction with Explanation is the largest expert-annotated dataset for legal judgment prediction and explanation in the Indian context .
Approach: They propose to use an annotated legal judgment prediction corpus to improve models' accuracy . they employ transformer-based models tailored for both general and Indian legal contexts .
Outcome: The proposed system improves the accuracy and explanatory depth of models for legal judgments.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations